CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 70Reconstructive Facial Surgery TechniquesNonmelanoma Skin Cancer StudiesEar and Head Tumors

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 85 of the 86 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Cutaneous lesions of the external ear

Open access
Sand, Michael, Sand, Daniel, Brors, Dominik, Altmeyer, Peter, Mann, Benno, Bechara, Falk G·2008·Head & Face Medicine
DOI 10.1186/1746-160x-4-2PMC PMC2267455
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Skin diseases on the external aspect of the ear are seen in a variety of medical disciplines. Dermatologists, othorhinolaryngologists, general practitioners, general and plastic surgeons are regularly consulted regarding cutaneous lesions on the ear. This article will focus on those diseases wherefore surgery or laser therapy is considered as a possible treatment option or which are potentially subject to surgical evaluation.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/1746-160x-4-2

Cites

85 of 85 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Figure 1 Seborrhoic keratosis. Brownish, exophytic tumor with a velvety to finely verrucous surface. Location on the retroauricular site with partial spreading on the helical rim.
Figure 1 Seborrhoic keratosis. Brownish, exophytic tumor with a velvety to finely verrucous surface. Location on the retroauricular site with partial spreading on the helical rim.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Ganuloma Fissuratum. Skin colored to light red, tender mass of granulation tissue behind the auricle with an exophytic, elliptic growth pattern and a central notch.
Figure 2 Ganuloma Fissuratum. Skin colored to light red, tender mass of granulation tissue behind the auricle with an exophytic, elliptic growth pattern and a central notch.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Basalioma. Erythematous papule with indicated pearly border. Remark the central ulceration of the retroauricular located lesion.
Figure 3 Basalioma. Erythematous papule with indicated pearly border. Remark the central ulceration of the retroauricular located lesion.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 Squamous cell carcinoma. Exophytic, hyperkeratotic tumor with central ulceration, accompanied with seroanguinous exudate.
Figure 4 Squamous cell carcinoma. Exophytic, hyperkeratotic tumor with central ulceration, accompanied with seroanguinous exudate.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 Keloid. Flesh colored to reddish to slight purple nodule on the helical rim. The exophytic tumor shows a smooth surface.
Figure 5 Keloid. Flesh colored to reddish to slight purple nodule on the helical rim. The exophytic tumor shows a smooth surface.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 6 Superficial spreading melanoma. Dark and flat macule with variegated colors. Its borders are irregular, with indentations and notches.
Figure 6 Superficial spreading melanoma. Dark and flat macule with variegated colors. Its borders are irregular, with indentations and notches.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 7 Lentigo maligna melanoma. Irregular pigmented and bordered, brown to black macule with visible bright to reddish regression zone.
Figure 7 Lentigo maligna melanoma. Irregular pigmented and bordered, brown to black macule with visible bright to reddish regression zone.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 8 Winkler disease. Ulcerated nodule with overlying crust. The surrounding skin is inflamed as indicated by the red color. Remark: If painful ulcerated nodules are present at the external ear, Winkler disease has to be kept in mind.
Figure 8 Winkler disease. Ulcerated nodule with overlying crust. The surrounding skin is inflamed as indicated by the red color. Remark: If painful ulcerated nodules are present at the external ear, Winkler disease has to be kept in mind.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 9 Lymphocytoma. Visible intensely red-violet swelling of the right earlobe.
Figure 9 Lymphocytoma. Visible intensely red-violet swelling of the right earlobe.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 10 Polychondritis recidivans. Visible deformity of the ears cartilage, resulting from recurrent chondritis.
Figure 10 Polychondritis recidivans. Visible deformity of the ears cartilage, resulting from recurrent chondritis.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 11 Cutaneous tuberculosis. Retroauricular located red, partially brownish plaque with smooth surface.
Figure 11 Cutaneous tuberculosis. Retroauricular located red, partially brownish plaque with smooth surface.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 12 Cylindroma. Numerous pink, red, and partially bluish, firm nodules, affecting the upper parts of the ear and spreading to the left cheek. The distribution and arrangement of tumor masses resemble a bunch of grapes.
Figure 12 Cylindroma. Numerous pink, red, and partially bluish, firm nodules, affecting the upper parts of the ear and spreading to the left cheek. The distribution and arrangement of tumor masses resemble a bunch of grapes.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 13 Multiple blue naevus: Multiple, gray to blue, pinhead-sized macules affecting the external ear. If multiple blue naevi appear at the head and neck, remind that rare syndromes (e.g. Carney's syndrome) may be causal.
Figure 13 Multiple blue naevus: Multiple, gray to blue, pinhead-sized macules affecting the external ear. If multiple blue naevi appear at the head and neck, remind that rare syndromes (e.g. Carney's syndrome) may be causal.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 14 Auricular appandage: Dome-shaped, flesh-colored nodule with smooth surface at the upper part of the tragus.
Figure 14 Auricular appandage: Dome-shaped, flesh-colored nodule with smooth surface at the upper part of the tragus.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 15 Osler-Weber-Rendu Disease. Multiple, punctuate, red macules and papules corresponding to hemangiomas and telangiectases.
Figure 15 Osler-Weber-Rendu Disease. Multiple, punctuate, red macules and papules corresponding to hemangiomas and telangiectases.CC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 86 references

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Mehregan AH: Cutaneous horn: a clinicopathological study. Dermatol Dig. 1965, 4: 45-54.
  2. MacKie RM: Epidermal skin tumours. Rook and Wilkinson and Ebling's Textbook of Dermatology. Edited by: Champion RH, Burton JL, Burns DA, Breathnach SM. 1998, Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1673-4. sixth
  3. Retz N: Traite des Maladies de la Peau et de celles de l'Esprit. 1790, Mequignon, Paris, 155-3
  4. Alibert JL: Note sur la chéloïde. Journal universel des sciences médicales. 1816, 2: 207-216.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 70

Related

Metadata

Authors
Sand, M., Sand, D., Brors, D., Altmeyer, P., Mann, B., & Bechara, F. G.
Affiliations
  • University Hospitals of the Ruhr-University of Bochum (DE)
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
  • Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
Corresponding author
Sand, Michael
ORCID
Venue
Head & Face Medicine
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2008-02-08
Volume
4
Issue
1
Pages
2-2
ISSN
1746-160X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/1746-160x-4-2
PMC
PMC2267455
OpenAlex
W2016651989
Cited by
70
References
86
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
FWCI
0.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Head & Face Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Reconstructive Facial Surgery Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Ear and Head Tumors
Keywords
skin lesions, external ear, surgical treatment, laser therapy, dermatologic surgery, otolaryngology consultation
MeSH terms
Ear Diseases, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Humans, Skin Diseases, Skin Neoplasms

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review