Cited by 187Antibiotic Use and ResistanceAntibiotics Pharmacokinetics and EfficacySepsis Diagnosis and Treatment

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 60 of the 61 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 1 are not checked yet.

Duration of antibiotic therapy for bacteremia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Introduction: The optimal duration of antibiotic therapy for bloodstream infections is unknown. Shorter durations of therapy have been demonstrated to be as effective as longer durations for many common infections; similar findings in bacteremia could enable hospitals to reduce antibiotic utilization, adverse events, resistance and costs. Methods: A search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE and COCHRANE databases was conducted for the years 1947-2010. Controlled trials were identified that randomized patients to shorter versus longer durations of treatment for bacteremia, or the infectious foci most commonly causing bacteremia in critically ill patients (catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI), intra-abdominal infections, pneumonia, pyelonephritis and skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTI)). Results: Twenty-four eligible trials were identified, including one trial focusing exclusively on bacteremia, zero in catheter related bloodstream infection, three in intra-abdominal infection, six in pyelonephritis, thirteen in pneumonia and one in skin and soft tissue infection. Thirteen studies reported on 227 patients with bacteremia allocated to 'shorter' or 'longer' durations of treatment. Outcome data were available for 155 bacteremic patients: neonatal bacteremia ( n = 66); intra-abdominal infection (40); pyelonephritis (9); and pneumonia (40). Among bacteremic patients receiving shorter (5-7 days) versus longer (7-21 days) antibiotic therapy, no significant difference was detected with respect to rates of clinical cure (45/52 versus 47/49, risk ratio 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77-1.01), microbiologic cure (28/28 versus 30/32, risk ratio 1.05, 95% CI 0.91-1.21), and survival (15/17 versus 26/29, risk ratio 0.97, 95% CI 0.76-1.23). Conclusions: No significant differences in clinical cure, microbiologic cure and survival were detected among bacteremic patients receiving shorter versus longer duration antibiotic therapy. An adequately powered randomized trial of bacteremic patients is needed to confirm these findings.

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Figure 1 Flowchart describing citations screened, studies included for searches of bacteremia, and infectious syndromes most commonly causing bacteremia. CRBSI, catheter-related bloodstream infection; SSTI, skin and soft tissue infection.
Figure 1 Flowchart describing citations screened, studies included for searches of bacteremia, and infectious syndromes most commonly causing bacteremia. CRBSI, catheter-related bloodstream infection; SSTI, skin and soft tissue infection.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Forest plot for outcome of clinical cure among bacteremic subgroups of randomized trials of shorter versus longer antibiotic treatment. CI, confidence interval; df, degrees of freedom; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel.
Figure 2 Forest plot for outcome of clinical cure among bacteremic subgroups of randomized trials of shorter versus longer antibiotic treatment. CI, confidence interval; df, degrees of freedom; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Forest plot for outcome of microbiologic cure among bacteremic subgroups of randomized trials of shorter versus longer antibiotic treatment. CI, confidence interval; df, degrees of freedom; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel.
Figure 3 Forest plot for outcome of microbiologic cure among bacteremic subgroups of randomized trials of shorter versus longer antibiotic treatment. CI, confidence interval; df, degrees of freedom; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 Forest plot for outcome of survival among bacteremic subgroups of randomized trials of shorter versus longer antibiotic treatment. CI, confidence interval; df, degrees of freedom; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel.
Figure 4 Forest plot for outcome of survival among bacteremic subgroups of randomized trials of shorter versus longer antibiotic treatment. CI, confidence interval; df, degrees of freedom; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Metadata

Authors
Havey, T. C., Fowler, R. A., & Daneman, N.
Affiliations
  • University of Toronto (CA)
  • Sunnybrook Health Science Centre (CA)
Corresponding author
Daneman, Nick
Venue
Critical Care
Published
2011-11-15
Volume
15
Issue
6
Pages
R267-R267
ISSN
1364-8535 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2146470820
Cited by
187
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
FWCI
0.59
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Critical Care (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • TSpace (University of Toronto) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
  • Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
Keywords
bacteremia, antibiotic duration, short-course antibiotic therapy, bloodstream infection, clinical cure, microbiologic cure, survival, catheter-related bloodstream infection, intra-abdominal infection, pyelonephritis, pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, neonatal bacteremia, antibiotic use
MeSH terms
Anti-Bacterial Agents, Humans, Pyelonephritis, Time Factors, Bacteremia, Pneumonia, Bacterial, Soft Tissue Infections, Catheter-Related Infections, Intraabdominal Infections

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