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Comparative genome and phenotypic analysis of Clostridium difficile 027 strains provides insight into the evolution of a hypervirulent bacterium
Open accessAbstract
Background: The continued rise of Clostridium difficile infections worldwide has been accompanied by the rapid emergence of a highly virulent clone designated PCR-ribotype 027. To understand more about the evolution of this virulent clone, we made a three-way genomic and phenotypic comparison of an 'historic' non-epidemic 027 C. difficile (CD196), a recent epidemic and hypervirulent 027 (R20291) and a previously sequenced PCR-ribotype 012 strain (630). Results: Although the genomes are highly conserved, the 027 genomes have 234 additional genes compared to 630, which may contribute to the distinct phenotypic differences we observe between these strains relating to motility, antibiotic resistance and toxicity. The epidemic 027 strain has five unique genetic regions, absent from both the non-epidemic 027 and strain 630, which include a novel phage island, a two component regulatory system and transcriptional regulators. Conclusions: A comparison of a series of 027 isolates showed that some of these genes appeared to have been gained by 027 strains over the past two decades. This study provides genetic markers for the identification of 027 strains and offers a unique opportunity to explain the recent emergence of a hypervirulent bacterium.
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Cited by
Lawley, T. D., Clare, S., Walker, A. W., Stares, M. D., Connor, T. R., Raisen, C., Goulding, D., Rad, R., Schreiber, F., Brandt, C., et al. (2012) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002995 · Cited by 540
Dietary zinc alters the microbiota and decreases resistance to Clostridium difficile infection
Zackular, J. P., Moore, J. L., Jordan, A. T., Juttukonda, L. J., Noto, M. J., Nicholson, M. R., Crews, J. D., Semler, M. W., Zhang, Y., Ware, L. B., et al. (2016) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.4174 · Cited by 275
Thanissery, R., Winston, J. A., & Theriot, C. M. (2017) · Anaerobe · doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.03.004 · Cited by 242
Horizontal gene transfer in human pathogens
Juhas, M. (2015) · Critical Reviews in Microbiology · doi:10.3109/1040841x.2013.804031 · Cited by 222
Gebhart, D., Lok, S., Clare, S., Tomas, M., Stares, M., Scholl, D., Donskey, C. J., Lawley, T. D., & Govoni, G. R. (2015) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.02368-14 · Cited by 127
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Metadata
- Authors
- Stabler, R. A., He, M., Dawson, L., Martin, M., Valiente, E., Corton, C., Lawley, T. D., Sebaihia, M., Quail, M. A., Rose, G., Gerding, D. N., Gibert, M., Popoff, M. R., Parkhill, J., Dougan, G., & Wren, B. W.
- Venue
- Genome Biology
- Published
- 2009-09-25
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- R102-R102
- ISSN
- 1465-6906 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-760X
- OpenAlex
- W2161501189
- Cited by
- 454
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 17.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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- Stabler, R. A., He, M., Dawson, L., Martin, M., Valiente, E., Corton, C., Lawley, T. D., Sebaihia, M., Quail, M. A., Rose, G., Gerding, D. N., Gibert, M., Popoff, M. R., Parkhill, J., Dougan, G., & Wren, B. W. (2009). Comparative genome and phenotypic analysis of Clostridium difficile 027 strains provides insight into the evolution of a hypervirulent bacterium. Genome Biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2009-10-9-r102
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