Cited by 24COVID-19 diagnosis using AIArtificial Intelligence in Healthcare and EducationAI in cancer detection

Deep learning approaches for classification tasks in medical X-ray, MRI, and ultrasound images: a scoping review

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Laçi, Hafsa, Sevrani, Kozeta, Iqbal, Sarfraz·2025·BMC Medical Imaging

Abstract

Medical images occupy the largest part of the existing medical information and dealing with them is challenging not only in terms of management but also in terms of interpretation and analysis. Hence, analyzing, understanding, and classifying them, becomes a very expensive and time-consuming task, especially if performed manually. Deep learning is considered a good solution for image classification, segmentation, and transfer learning tasks since it offers a large number of algorithms to solve such complex problems. PRISMA-ScR guidelines have been followed to conduct the scoping review with the aim of exploring how deep learning is being used to classify a broad spectrum of diseases diagnosed using an X-ray, MRI, or Ultrasound image modality.Findings contribute to the existing research by outlining the characteristics of the adopted datasets and the preprocessing or augmentation techniques applied to them. The authors summarized all relevant studies based on the deep learning models used and the accuracy achieved for classification. Whenever possible, they included details about the hardware and software configurations, as well as the architectural components of the models employed. Moreover, the models that achieved the highest accuracy in disease classification were highlighted, along with their strengths. The authors also discussed the limitations of the current approaches and proposed future directions for medical image classification.

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  • ML, with its ability to read complex imaging data and reduce dependence on operator skill, has great potential as a method of improving consistency and enabling earlier diagnosis of PAS.

    “ML, with its ability to read complex imaging data [17] and to reduce the dependence on operator skill, has great potential as a method of improving consistency and enabling earlier diagnosis of PAS [6].”

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. [4]Angelov P, Sperduti A. Challenges in Deep Learning. In The European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks; 2016; Belgium. pp. 489–496.
  2. [64]Wegmayr V, Aitharaju S, Buhmann J. Classification of brain MRI with big data and deep 3D convolutional neural networks. In Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE.
  3. [113]Goldsborough P. A Tour of TensorFlow. arXiv. 2016.

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Authors
Laçi, H., Sevrani, K., & Iqbal, S.
Affiliations
  • University of Tirana (AL)
  • Linnaeus University (SE)
Corresponding author
Iqbal, Sarfraz
Venue
BMC Medical Imaging
Published
2025-05-07
Volume
25
Issue
1
Pages
156-156
ISSN
1471-2342 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4410161985
Cited by
24
References
118
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 6
FWCI
3.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • BMC Medical Imaging (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Diva portal (Dalarna University Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Linnaeus University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › AI in cancer detection
Keywords
deep learning, medical image classification, X-ray images, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound images, disease diagnosis, image segmentation, transfer learning, data augmentation, medical image dataset, classification accuracy
MeSH terms
Deep Learning, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Radiography, Ultrasonography

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