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Quality of life and mortality in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Quality of life (QoL) is multi-dimensional concept of an individual' general well-being status in relation to their value, environment, cultural and social context in which they live. This study aimed to quantitatively synthesise available evidence on the association between QoL and mortality in the general population. METHODS: An electronic search was conducted using three bibliographic databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO. Inclusion criteria were studies that assessed QoL using standardized tools and examined mortality risk in a non-patient population. Qualitative data synthesis and meta-analyses using a random-effects model were performed. RESULTS: Of 4184 articles identified, 47 were eligible for inclusion, involving approximately 1,200,000 participants. Studies were highly heterogeneous in terms of QoL measures, population characteristics and data analysis. In total, 43 studies (91.5%) reported that better QoL was associated with lower mortality risk. The results of four meta-analyses indicated that higher health-related QoL (HRQoL) is associated with lower mortality risk, which was consistent for overall HRQoL (HR 0.633, 95% CI: 0.514 to 0.780), physical function (HR 0.987, 95% CI: 0.982 to 0.992), physical component score (OR 0.950, 95% CI: 0.935 to 0.965), and mental component score (OR 0.980, 95% CI: 0.969 to 0.992). CONCLUSION: These findings provide evidence that better QoL/HRQoL was associated with lower mortality risk. The utility of these measures in predicting mortality risk indicates that they should be considered further as potential screening tools in general clinical practice, beyond the traditional objective measures such as body mass index and the results of laboratory tests.
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“While the SF‐36v2 provides participants' subjective responses, these measures are relevant, as they have been shown to predict long‐term mortality risk.”
From Body composition changes during weight reduction with tirzepatide in the SURMOUNT ‐1 study of adults with obesity or overweight (2025) · cites this paper as [20]
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Look, M., Dunn, J. P., Kushner, R. F., Cao, D., Harris, C., Gibble, T. H., Stefanski, A., & Griffin, R. (2025) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.16275 · Cited by 181
Zangger, G., Bricca, A., Liaghat, B., Juhl, C. B., Mortensen, S. R., Andersen, R. M., Damsted, C., Hamborg, T. G., Ried-Larsen, M., Tang, L. H., et al. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/46439 · Cited by 116
Predictors and consequences of loneliness during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Rumas, R., Shamblaw, A. L., Jagtap, S., & Best, M. W. (2021) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113934 · Cited by 90
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Metadata
- Authors
- Phyo, A. Z. Z., Freak-Poli, R., Craig, H., Gasevic, D., Stocks, N. P., Gonzalez-Chica, D. A., & Ryan, J.
- Affiliations
- Monash University (AU)
- The University of Adelaide (AU)
- Inserm (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Ryan, Joanne
- Venue
- BMC Public Health
- Published
- 2020-11-06
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1596-1596
- ISSN
- 1471-2458 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7646076
- OpenAlex
- W3097138102
- Cited by
- 243
- References
- 94
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 68 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 3.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMC Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Cross Connect (Southern Cross University) (submittedVersion)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (cc-by)
- Funders
- Monash University (Monash International Tuition Scholarship and Monash Graduate Scholarship Student ID: 30072360)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (Dementia Research Leader Fellowship (APP1135727))
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Keywords
- quality of life, health-related quality of life, mortality risk, physical function, physical component summary, mental component score, mortality prediction, screening tool, general population
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Mass Screening, Quality of Life
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