Cited by 237Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychometric Methodologies and TestingHealth Education and Validation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale

Open access

Sousa, Tiago V, Viveiros, Vânia, Chai, Maria V, Vicente, Filipe L, Jesus, Gustavo, Carnot, Maria J, Gordo, Ana C, Ferreira, Pedro L·2015·Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

DOI 10.1186/s12955-015-0244-2PMC PMC4424548

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Generalized anxiety disorder has a strong impact on health-related quality of life. For this reason, it seems relevant to develop strategies allowing early diagnoses in order to promote appropriate treatments. The objective of this study was to culturally adapt and validate the GAD-7 for the Portuguese patients with generalized anxiety disorder. METHODS: For the cultural adaptation of the Portuguese version of the GAD-7 scale we started with a previous translation made by Mapi Institute and decided to perform a clinical review followed by a cognitive debriefing with patients. Once piloted, this version was then tested in a larger sample for feasibility and reliability (1-week test-retest). Construct validity was assessed by the relationship between GAD-7 and socio-demographic and clinical variables. Its unidimensionality was tested by principal component factor analysis. Criterion validity was assessed by comparing GAD-7 scores with those obtained by HADS, and EQ-5D. STAI was mainly used as a screening indicator for patient inclusion. RESULTS: GAD-7 was considered feasible with a mean completion time of 2.3 minutes and no major floor or ceiling effects. We found an excellent Cronbach's alpha internal consistency score (0.880) and the test-retest and interclass correlation coefficients were also very good. Regarding the construct validity, younger patients, those with higher education, employed and without anxiety symptoms revealed lower GAD-7 scores, meaning better health. The unidimensionality of GAD-7 index was also confirmed by principal component factor analysis. At last, GAD-7 was significantly correlated with other health outcome indices and the classification levels created by it and by HADS showed to be dependent. CONCLUSION: The excellent metric properties confirmed the cultural adaptation and validity of GAD-7 into Portuguese population, allowing the clinicians an early detection and treatment of these patients.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/s12955-015-0244-2

Cites

38 of 38 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · Cited by 47,139
Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests
Cronbach, L. J. (1951) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02310555 · Cited by 43,931
A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder: The GAD-7
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & Löwe, B. (2006) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092 · Cited by 31,765
Untitled work
(1970) · Cited by 24,983
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2022) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787 · Cited by 23,476
Lifetime Prevalence and Age-of-Onset Distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593 · Cited by 20,391
Depression and quality of life in older persons: A review
Sivertsen, H., Bjørkløf, G. H., Engedal, K., Selbæk, G., & Helvik, A.-S. (2015) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · doi:10.1159/000437299 · Cited by 14,152
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
&NA; (1988) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/00002093-198802020-00022 · Cited by 12,603
Anxiety disorders in primary care: prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection
Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B. W., Monahan, P. O., & Löwe, B. (2007) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00004 · Cited by 4,741

Show all 41 references

Research works printed but not linked: 5

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1980.
de Caldas Almeida JM, Xavier M. [National epidemiological study of mental health]. Lisbon: Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa; 2013.
Acquadro C, Jambon B, Ellis D, Marquis P. Language and translation issues. In: Spilker B, editor. Quality of Life and Parmacoeconomics in Clinical Trrials. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven Publishers; 1996. p. 575–85.
Acquadro C, Conway K, Giroudet C, Mear I. Linguistic Validation Manual for Health Outcome Assessments. Lyon: Mapi Institute; 2012.
Lisboa JV, Augusto MG, Ferreira PL. Applied statistics to management. Porto: Vida Económica; 2012.

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 237

Propriedades psicométricas da GAD-7 no Brasil
Silva, L. D. S., Leite, M. D. F., Feitosa, A. L. B., & Faro, A. (2023) · Psico · doi:10.15448/1980-8623.2023.1.39902 · Cited by 10
Anxiety and Depression Disorders in Undergraduate Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Literature Review
Sartorão, A. L. V., & Filho, C. I. S. (2024) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph21121620 · Cited by 11
Impacts of COVID-19 Sanitary Cues on Hedonic Appreciation of Foods
Oliveira, J. G. A., Sampaio, A. C. S., & Lapenta, O. M. (2022) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods11121753 · Cited by 7
Mental health impacts in pediatric nurses: a cross-sectional study in tertiary pediatric hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic
Robba, H. C. S., Costa, A. A., Kozu, K. T., Silva, C. A., Farhat, S. C. L., & Ferreira, J. C. D. O. A. (2022) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.5750.3530 · Cited by 10
Rapid screening for generalized anxiety disorder in patients with migraine
Veisy, F., Farahani, H., Togha, M., Gharaee, B., Janani, L., & Aghebati, A. (2021) · Current Journal of Neurology · doi:10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6746 · Cited by 7
Generalized anxiety symptoms and life satisfaction
Peixoto, M. M., Ribeiro, V., & Cunha, O. S. (2023) · Psychologica · doi:10.14195/1647-8606_66_5 · Cited by 6
The importance of management in promoting hospital staff's mental well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic—A survey
Peltokoski, J., Kaunonen, M., Helminen, M., Neva, M. H., Parkkila, A., & Mattila, E. (2022) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1111/jonm.13705 · Cited by 8
Prevalence of self-reported symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and associated factors in the period of distance learning
Santos, M. A. S., Ramos, A. G., de Sousa, T. C., & de Medeiros, R. A. (2022) · Clinical Oral Investigations · doi:10.1007/s00784-022-04743-z · Cited by 6
Is neighborhood safety associated with depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and psychological distress among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men?
Kreski, N. T., Park, S. H., Safren, S. A., Goedel, W. C., Morganstein, J. G., Chaix, B., & Duncan, D. T. (2018) · Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health · doi:10.1080/19359705.2018.1463583 · Cited by 6
Psychometric Properties of the Online Version of the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7): A Longitudinal Study in Pregnant and Postpartum Spanish Women.
Gómez-Gómez, I., Domínguez-Salas, S., Rodríguez-Muñoz, M. F., Rodríguez-Domínguez, C., Gómez-Baya, D., & Motrico, E. (2024) · Psicothema · doi:10.7334/psicothema2023.293 · Cited by 5
Exploring the Efficacy of a Set of Smart Devices for Postural Awareness for Workers in an Industrial Context: Protocol for a Single-Subject Experimental Design
Lopes, M., Lopes, S., Monteiro, M., Rodrigues, M., Fertuzinhos, A., Coelho, A. D. S., Matos, P., Borges, A., Leite, T. R., Sampaio, C., et al. (2023) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/43637 · Cited by 6
How anxiety and depression mediate the link between sleep quality and health perception during crisis periods
de Menezes-Júnior, L. A. A., de Moura, S. S., Machado-Coelho, G. L. L., & Meireles, A. L. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-98004-0 · Cited by 7
Validating repurposed GAD‐7 anchored in COVID‐19 pandemic experiences: A factor‐ and person‐centered approach
Mordeno, I. G., Gallemit, I. M. J., Ducay, J. L., Abdullah, S. P., Suba, S., & Edaros, N. D. (2023) · Psychology in the schools (Print) · doi:10.1002/pits.23100 · Cited by 5
Artificial intelligence enabled conversational agent for mental healthcare
Omarov, B., Narynov, S., Zhumanov, Z., Alzhanova, E., Gumar, A., & Khassanova, M. (2022) · International Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6n3.13239 · Cited by 5
U-SMILE: a brief version of the Short Multidimensional Inventory on Lifestyle Evaluation
Boni, R. B. D., da Mota, J. C., Schuch, F. B., Pires, D. A., Matias, T. S., Monteiro-Júnior, R. S., Deslandes, A. C., da Silva, D. R. P., Moura, H. F., Coelho, N. L. G., et al. (2023) · Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy · doi:10.47626/2237-6089-2023-0722 · Cited by 5
Effectiveness of a universal personalized intervention for the prevention of anxiety disorders: Protocol of a randomized controlled trial (the prevANS project)
Moreno-Peral, P., Rodríguez-Morejón, A., Bellón, J. A., García-Huércano, C., Martínez-Vispo, C., Campos-Paino, H., Galán, S., Reyes-Martín, S., Sánchez Aguadero, N., Rangel-Henriques, M., et al. (2023) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2023.100640 · Cited by 4
Measurement-Based Care in Youth: An Opportunity for Better Clinical Outcomes?
Frontini, R., da Costa, C. S., Baptista, S., Garcia, C. D. C., & Vian-Lains, A. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12090910 · Cited by 4
Chronic non-communicable diseases and poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic: an analysis of mediation by anxiety and depression symptoms
de Menezes-Júnior, L. A. A., Almeida, F. M., Barbosa, B. C. R., Machado-Coelho, G. L. L., & Meireles, A. L. (2025) · Sleep Science and Practice · doi:10.1186/s41606-024-00124-5 · Cited by 4
Effects of a Reminiscence Therapy Program on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Quality of Life in People With Dementia: A Pilot Study Comparing Immersive Virtual Reality and Non-immersive Approaches
Soares, M., Quental, V. S. A., Pereira, M., Sánchez, A. I. C., Costa, A., Portugal, P., & Coelho, T. (2025) · Dementia · doi:10.1177/14713012251366348 · Cited by 4
Effects of sleep duration, perceived organisational support and personal resilience on anxiety in non-hospitalised residents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey study in Ningbo, China
Zhang, Y., Ma, J., Xu, Q., Rong, Y., Lu, S., & Wang, Z. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073648 · Cited by 4
Prevalence and severity of anxiety symptoms among family members of nyaope users in Tshwane, South Africa
Mokwena, K. E., & Madiga, M. (2023) · Health SA Gesondheid · doi:10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2083 · Cited by 6
Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of Emotion Detectives In-Out: a blended version of the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders in Portuguese children
Moreira, H., Skvarc, D., Gomes-Pereira, B., Albuquerque, A., Góis, A. C., Fonseca, A., Pereira, A. M., Caiado, B., Paulino, B., Santos, C., et al. (2024) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-024-01532-z · Cited by 5
COVID-warriors: Psychological impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic on health-care professionals
Jindal, M., Jambunathan, P., Patra, P., & Madhusudan, T. (2020) · Journal of Marine Medical Society · doi:10.4103/jmms.jmms_44_20 · Cited by 4
Validation of the Portuguese version of the supportive care needs survey short-form questionnaire (SCNS-SF34-Pt) and the breast cancer supplementary module (SCNS-BR8-Pt)
Mendes-Santos, C., Nóbrega, C. A., Quinta-Gomes, A. L., Weiderpass, E., Santana, R. M., & Andersson, G. (2023) · Journal of Psychosocial Oncology · doi:10.1080/07347332.2023.2282015 · Cited by 5
Unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of comorbid emotional disorders: An online group case study
Pedro, L. M. R., Francisco, C., Pereira, M., Fonseca, A., & Canavarro, M. C. (2025) · Clinical Case Studies · doi:10.1177/15346501251345480 · Cited by 3
Interpersonal Theory for Anxiety Management in People with Substance Use Disorders: a Theoretical Framework
Pereira, C. F., & Beeber, L. S. (2023) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-023-01079-x · Cited by 3
Enhancing mental health and well-being in adults from lower-resource settings: A mixed-method evaluation of the impact of problem management plus
Marchetti, M., Ceccarelli, C., Muneghina, O., Stockner, M., Lai, C., & Mazzoni, G. A. L. (2024) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2024.52 · Cited by 5
Clinical utility of the GAD-7 for detecting generalized anxiety in Quechua indigenous people
Caldichoury, N., Quispe-Ayala, C., Coronado, J.-C., Castellanos-Alvarenga, L. M., Salazar, D., Morales-Asencio, B., Ripoll-Córdoba, D., Apumayta, R. Q., Valverde, J. C. C., Camargo, L., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1565895 · Cited by 3
Anxiety in Heart Failure Patients: Its Association with Depression, Cognition, Personality, and Quality of Life
Fidelis, T., Azzam, A. P., Nunes, A., Limpo, T., Moreira, E., Martins, S. P. V., Silva‐Cardoso, J., Fernandes, L. P. N. S., & Castro, S. L. (2021) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-021-00064-4 · Cited by 3
Developing Internet Interventions to Improve Psychosocial Outcomes in Breast Cancer Survivors : Attitudes and practices in Portuguese cancer settings
Mendes-Santos, C. (2021) · Linköping studies in arts and science · doi:10.3384/9789179291143 · Cited by 3
Found in Translation? The Effectiveness of Counselling Using an Interpreter, Compared to Counselling with a Same Language Counsellor, in a Non-English Speaking Population
Schiphorst, A. T. K., Levi, N., & Manley, J. (2022) · International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling · doi:10.1007/s10447-022-09475-z · Cited by 3
Perceived Adequacy of Infection Control Practices and Symptoms of Anxiety Among In-Person Elementary School Educators in Ontario
Smith, P. M., Oudyk, J., Cedillo, L., Inouye, K., Potter, G. G., & Mustard, C. (2022) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000002693 · Cited by 3
Anxiety and Depression in the Initial Stage of the COVID-19 Outbreak in a Portuguese Sample: Exploratory Study
JOSÉ, H. M. G., Oliveira, C., Costa, E., de Matos, F. A. P. S., Pacheco, E., Nave, F. J. G. M., VALENTİM, O. M. M. D. S., & Sousa, L. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11050659 · Cited by 3
Mental Health Evaluation in Community Pharmacies—A Cross-Sectional Study
Condinho, M., Ramalhinho, I., Vaz-Velho, C., & Sinogas, C. (2024) · Pharmacy · doi:10.3390/pharmacy12030089 · Cited by 3
Insights from the EQUALS4COVID19 study on migrant mental health in Portugal: a cross-sectional mixed-methods approach
Alarcão, V., Candeias, P., Stefanovska–Petkovska, M., Neves, J., Pintassilgo, S. C., Machado, F. L., Santos, O., Virgolino, A., dos Santos, R. R., Heitor, M. J., et al. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-19563-x · Cited by 6
Canonical correlation analysis of anxiety symptom and behavioral inhibition/activation system among college students and their relationship with physical activity
Wang, W., & Liu, H. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-01499-w · Cited by 3
Ansiedad comparada entre estudiantes de medicina y estudiantes de otros grados en el Área de la Salud en Coimbra
Sousa, J., Santiago, L. M., & López, V. M. (2020) · Educación Médica · doi:10.1016/j.edumed.2020.04.001 · Cited by 3
Impacto na saúde mental de enfermeiros pediátricos: um estudo transversal em hospital pediátrico terciário durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Robba, H. C. S., Costa, A. A., Kozu, K. T., Silva, C. A., Farhat, S. C. L., & Ferreira, J. C. D. O. A. (2022) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.5750.3583 · Cited by 6
Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Mental Health Of Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study Using GAD-7 And PHQ-9 Questionnaires (Preprint)Preprint
Filho, C. I. S. (2020) · doi:10.2196/preprints.22165 · Cited by 3
Mental health assessment of the Brazilian LGBTQIAP+ population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Dornelles, T. M., de Brito, E. S., Pinheiro, B. H. G., Santarem, B. D. M. C., Aguer, S. S. T., & de Pádua, A. C. (2023) · Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP · doi:10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2023-0148en · Cited by 2
The Relationship between Metacognition, Rumination, and Sleep in University Students with a Tendency toward Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Yu, H., Shi, Z., & Zhao, M. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14060444 · Cited by 2
Chain mediation of anxiety and suicidal ideation: a 2021–2025 cross-sectional analysis in Chinese temporomandibular disorders patients
Zhao, R., Ye, Z., Ming, H., Peng, J., Wo, P., Yang, H., Zhang, L., & Xiong, X. (2025) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-025-07020-x · Cited by 3
Effects of Reappraisal and Self-Compassion Expressive Writing on Emotion Regulation
Jacques, T., & Alves, R. A. (2025) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1177/17470218251392569 · Cited by 3
Validity and factor structure of the Czech GAD-7 across twenty samples and four independent translations
Cígler, H., Daňsová, P., Javůrková, A., Raudenská, J., & Prikner, O. (2026) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2026.103149 · Cited by 2
Anxiety and insecurity in medical interns: the impact of the pandemic COVID-19
Dziedzic, D. M., Dell’Agnelo, G. S., Schindler, E., Lindstron, O. A., Andrade, F. A., & Nisihara, R. (2022) · Medicina (Ribeirão Preto) · doi:10.11606/issn.2176-7262.rmrp.2022.191222 · Cited by 2
Perceção do Impacto do Teletrabalho na Carreira: Validação da Escala do Impacto do Teletrabalho na Carreira para a População Portuguesa
Faustino, D., Sousa, M., Gonçalves, M. M., Soares, I., & Oliveira, J. T. (2023) · Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación - e Avaliação Psicológica · doi:10.21865/ridep67.1.01 · Cited by 2
Breast Cancer Survivors’ Attitudes toward eMental Health: A Cross-Sectional Study
Mendes-Santos, C., Campos, T., Ferreira, D., Weiderpass, E., Santana, R. M., & Andersson, G. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11131920 · Cited by 2
FATORES ASSOCIADOS À AUTOAVALIAÇÃO DA SAÚDE NEGATIVA DE MULHERES DE MEIA-IDADE
Barroso, B. M. A., Reiners, A. A. O., Falcão, V. R. A. L., Azevedo, R. C. D. S., Agulhó, D. L. Z., Mazza, T. R., & Lima, A. C. M. D. S. (2023) · Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2022-0212pt · Cited by 2
The mediating role of behavioral systems in linking physical activity and anxiety symptoms in college students
Wang, W., & Liu, H. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-91294-4 · Cited by 6
Validating the Traditional Chinese version of the Epilepsy Anxiety Survey Instrument (EASI) in Hong Kong
Chan, T. K. W., & Wong, M. M. (2025) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1604317 · Cited by 2
Generalized anxiety disorder is associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods and eating behaviors markers in university students
Peixoto, V. A., Júnior, A. E. D. S., Ferro, D. C., Pereira, M. R., Paula, D. T. D. C., Praxedes, D. R. S., Macêna, M. D. L., & Bueno, N. B. (2025) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2025.10.002 · Cited by 2
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NEGATIVE SELF-RATED HEALTH OF MIDDLE-AGED WOMEN
Barroso, B. M. A., Reiners, A. A. O., Falcão, V. R. A. L., Azevedo, R. C. D. S., Agulhó, D. L. Z., Mazza, T. R., & Lima, A. C. M. D. S. (2023) · Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2022-0212en · Cited by 2
Migraine Preventive Treatment Failure: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Center in Brazil
Oliveira, A. B., Nogueira, E. D. A. G., & Peres, M. F. P. (2023) · Headache Medicine/Revista Headache Medicine · doi:10.48208/headachemed.2023.39 · Cited by 2
Psychometric Evaluation and Misophonic Experience in a Portuguese-Speaking Sample
Hayes, C., Gregory, J. E., Aziz, R., Cerejeira, J., Cruz, M., Simões, J. A., & Vitoratou, S. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14020107 · Cited by 12
How to forecast mental healthcare needs? Distinguishing between perceived and unperceived needs and their impact on capacity requirements
Gouveia, C., Kalakou, S., & Cardoso-Grilo, T. (2023) · Socio-Economic Planning Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.seps.2023.101552 · Cited by 2
Evidencia psicométrica del Cuestionario sobre la Salud del Paciente (PHQ-9) y Escala de Ansiedad Generalizada (GAD-7) en pacientes con asesoramiento genético en Oncología
Vazquez, O., Gómez, P. N., Vidal-Millán, S., Bargalló‐Rocha, E., Lerma, A., Sánchez-Contreras, Y., & Álvarez-Gómez, R. M. (2023) · Psicooncología · doi:10.5209/psic.91526 · Cited by 1
Assessing functional impairment in university students seeking psychological help: a psychometric study of the Portuguese Work and Social Adjustment Scale
Caetano, A. S., Marques, M., de Melo, A. C., Ferreira, A., Xavier, S., Queirós, A., & Martins, M. J. (2024) · The Psychologist Practice & Research Journal · doi:10.33525/pprj.v7i1.136 · Cited by 1
Interest, uptake, and feasibility trial of a real-life digital health intervention to improve lifestyle in Brazil
Boni, R. B. D., da Mota, J. C., Duncan, M. S., Linconl, L., Costa, G. L. A., Pimentel, S., Sales, K. P., Gaspar, F., Britto, F. A., Schuch, F. B., et al. (2025) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076251316719 · Cited by 2
Psychometric Analysis of Scores on a Mexican Dialect Spanish Adapted Version of the GAD-7 with Mexican Earthquake Survivors
Erford, B. T., Sherman, M. F., Bryant, I., & Shannonhouse, L. (2025) · International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling · doi:10.1007/s10447-025-09612-4 · Cited by 1
The Portuguese Prison Population: The Relation Between Childhood Trauma, Mental Health, and Emotional Dysregulation
Salafranca-Alves, M., Martinho, G., Correia‐Santos, P., Barros, S., Oliveira, C., Flor, R., & Santos, A. (2025) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci14080497 · Cited by 1
What Works in Blended Therapy? A Client Change Perspective in CBT Blended Therapy Intervention for Depression in Primary Care
Silva, S., Magalhães, N., Salgado, J., & Cunha, C. A. C. (2025) · Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy · doi:10.1007/s10879-025-09695-5 · Cited by 1
Anxiety in the academic environment: impacts on quality of life and well-being of university students
Cruz, A. F. P., Pereira, W. D., Ribeiro, N. G., Sousa, J. N., Macedo, M. T. S., Baldo, T. D. O. F., & Baldo, M. P. (2025) · International Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.1016/j.ijer.2025.102916 · Cited by 1
Culturally Adapted Lifestyle and Mental Health Intervention for Low-Income Pregnant Women: A Feasibility Study
Nunes, M. A., Melnyk, B. M., Almeida, S., Vieira, M., & Cardoso, A. (2025) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/01939459251403005 · Cited by 1
Alcohol consumption, mental health, and the moderating role of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic in southern Brazil
Costa, F. D. S., Martins‐Silva, T., Girotto, A. L., Goulart, L. C., Silva, V. A. M. E., Martins, R. C., Blumenberg, C., Carpena, M. X., César, J. A., & de Mola, C. L. (2026) · Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia · doi:10.1590/1980-549720260002 · Cited by 1
Efficacy of a video‐viewing intervention of smartphone‐based positive word stimulation on depressive symptoms in individuals with subthreshold depression: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Uchida, H., Igusa, T., Machida, C., Shimada, T., & Hirao, K. (2026) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Reports · doi:10.1002/pcn5.70284 · Cited by 1
Relationship between psychological symptoms and professional reintegration after an occupational accident: a Portuguese cross-sectional forensic study
Almeida, I., Teixeira, P. A. P., Teixeira, J. M., & Magalhães, T. (2026) · Forensic Sciences Research · doi:10.3788/tfsr20250001 · Cited by 1
A Cognitive Network Approach to Exploring Semantic and Emotional Patterns in Anxiety and Depression Narratives
Calaboiça, C., Santos, A., Meira, L., Ribeiro, E., Teixeira, A. S., & Ferreira, T. B. (2026) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-026-10730-5 · Cited by 1
Cross-cultural validity of the generalized anxiety disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7): a systematic review and standardized assessment
Mantzari, A. E., Botella-Juan, L., Yadav, P., Lavelle, G., Henriques, A., Munblit, D., Ronaldson, A., Dregan, A., Bakolis, I., da Costa, M. P., et al. (2026) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796026100560 · Cited by 1
Examining the Latent Dimensions of Social Anxiety Disorder
Mordeno, I. G., Bigcas, J. D., & Mordeno, E. R. (2023) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941231156815 · Cited by 1
Major Depressive Disorder Under the Lens: Examining a DSM-5-Based MDD Measure Utilizing Intensity and Frequency Rating Format
Ferolino, M. A. L., Mordeno, I. G., & Mordeno, E. R. (2024) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-024-00411-1 · Cited by 1
Study of a brief online and group focusing intervention: a protocol for a randomised clinical trial
Aguiar, C., Oliveira, C., Monteiro, M., Paiva, A., & Salgado, J. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080094 · Cited by 2
Associations of chronic pain and PTSD factors among military personnel: An exploration of the mutual maintenance model
Maunder, L., Marriott, E. C. S., & Salomons, T. V. (2025) · Journal of Military Veteran and Family Health · doi:10.3138/jmvfh-2024-0010 · Cited by 1
Psychometric Educational Stress and Anxiety Analysis of Undergraduate Students Using Machine Learning Approaches
Bhar, P., Bhar, A., Bhattacharyya, S., & Shee, P. (2025) · Smart innovation, systems and technologies · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-1348-9_31 · Cited by 1
Psychometric properties for the General Procrastination Scale (GPS) Brazilian version
Chirinéa, G., Gonçalves, A. P., Lima, V. L. M. C., Santos, A. L. M., de Almeida, C. P., & Lodha, P. (2025) · Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas) · doi:10.1590/1982-0275202542e230051 · Cited by 1
Association Between Psychobehavioral Factors and the Increased Eating Rate of Ultra-Processed Versus Non-Ultra-Processed Meals in Individuals with Obesity: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial
Barros, L. D. M., Peixoto, V. A., de Carvalho, G. C. O., Pereira, M. R., Carnaúba, R. T. L., & Bueno, N. B. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17132236 · Cited by 2
Self-injury functions mediate the association between anxiety and self-injury frequency among depressed Chinese adolescents: Gender differencesPreprint
Zhao, Y., Zhao, X., Zhou, Y., & Liu, L. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3845716/v1 · Cited by 1
Validity and Reliability of Online Buyer’s Anxiety Scale
Rakhmi, D. I., Widayat, W., & Djudiyah, D. (2020) · 美中经济评论：英文版 · doi:10.17265/1537-1514/2020.04.002
WITHDRAWN: Stressor reflections and elite athlete psychological well-being and ill-being: An experimental test of self-distancing
Murdoch, E. M., Ayers, J., Crane, M. F., Ntoumanis, N., Brade, C. J., Quested, E., & Gucciardi, D. F. (2021) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101922
Retracted
An Internet Investigation of Mental Health Status of 1144 Different Status Identities in South China during Outbreak of COVID-19Preprint
Luo, Q., Deng, S., Wu, K., Wu, Z., Mai, W., Ning, Y., He, H., Zhang, S., Dexian, W., & Peng, H. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-36225/v1
Psychological Experiences of the Guatemalan Civil War and postwar Violence on a Kaqchikel Community:An Exploratory Qualitative Study
Dass-Brailsford, P., Jain, D., Cóbar, A. A., Arriaza, M. C., Grazioso, M. D. P., & González, A. G. (2021) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2021.1960454
Tutusta tuntemattomaan: työyksikön muutos sairaalan henkilökunnan henkisen hyvinvoinnin riskitekijänä COVID-19-pandemian aikana
Mattila, E., Peltokoski, J., Parkkila, A., Helminen, M., Neva, M. H., & Kaunonen, M. (2021) · Sosiaalilääketieteellinen Aikakauslehti · doi:10.23990/sa.103247
Anais do I Congresso Internacional Interdisciplinar da Uningá: Resumos Expandidos
(2022) · Editora UNINGÁ eBooks · doi:10.46311/978-65-80328-02-4
Impacto en la salud mental de enfermeros pediátricos: un estudio transversal en un hospital pediátrico de tercer nivel durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Robba, H. C. S., Costa, A. A., Kozu, K. T., Silva, C. A., Farhat, S. C. L., & Ferreira, J. C. D. O. A. (2022) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.5750.3582
Effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on anxiety and spirituality in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a cross-sectional studyPreprint
Oliveira, F. F. B., Carlos, A. C. A. M., Crispim, A. A., Coelho, L. M. C., Malta, C. E. N., de Souza, T. P. R., Silva‐Fernandes, I. J. D. L., & Silva, P. G. D. B. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2177043/v1 · Cited by 1
Ambiente familiar, desenvolvimento e saúde mental de crianças entre 4 e 7 anos no início do distanciamento social pela pandemia da COVID-19
Taipe, C. M. M. (2022) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/d.22.2022.tde-10112022-161003
Testes de controle de qualidade realizados em comprimidos de hidroclorotiazida provenientes do Programa Farmácia Solidária de Maringá (PR)
Gonzalez, B. L., Freire, A. C. S., Centro Universitário Ingá – Uningá, M., Bonassoli, V. T., Centro Universitário Ingá – Uningá, M., Teston, A. P. M., Centro Universitário Ingá – Uningá, M., de Mello, J. C. P., Araújo, D. C. D. M., & Centro Universitário Ingá – Uningá, M. (2023) · doi:10.46311/ed.un.20211025293
Impactos na saúde mental de estudantes de medicina na pandemia por Coronavírus: revisão integrativa
Garcia, A. C. D. O., de Carvalho, H. E., Florêncio, A. B., Fernandes, B. A., de Queiroz, C. A., Pereira, R. C., Silva, V. L. Q., & Alves, M. G. (2023) · SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português) · doi:10.11606/issn.1806-6976.smad.2023.194326
Experiências espirituais e religiosas no Brasil: prevalência, características e implicações para a saúde mental
de Barros, M. C. M. (2022) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.5.2022.tde-19042023-123148 · Cited by 1
A ansiedade, medo e stress nos Profissionais de Saúde Oral durante o primeiro ano de pandemia por Covid-19
Rodrigo, A. R., Caldas, I. M., Carvalho, B., Azevedo, Á. F., & Pereira, M. D. L. F. L. (2023) · Revista Portuguesa de Estomatologia Medicina Dentária e Cirurgia Maxilofacial · doi:10.24873/j.rpemd.2023.07.1059
Psychometric evaluation and misophonic experience in a Portuguese-speaking samplePreprint
Hayes, C., Gregory, J. E., Aziz, R., Cerejeira, J., Cruz, M., Simões, J. A., & Vitoratou, S. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/p6ajb
The Relationship between Excessive Worrying and Social Maladjustment among Internally Displaced Students in Bamenda Municipality: Implication for Clinical Counselling
Fokum, S. M. (2023) · American Journal of Education and Practice · doi:10.47672/ajep.1558
Pain, discomfort and psychobiological factors in wheelchair tennis athletes following COVID-19 lockdowns
Santo, R. G. E., Oliveira, J., de Oliveira, L. M. F. T., Ferreira, A. P. D. L., Paes, P. P., & de Oliveira, S. F. M. (2023) · Advances in Rehabilitation · doi:10.5114/areh.2023.133305
Social Support and Satisfaction with Life among Portuguese Prison Officers: The Mediating Effect of Anxiety
Monteiro, B., Costao, V., & Monteiro, S. (2024) · Ansiedad y Estrés · doi:10.5093/anyes2024a1
Author comment: Enhancing mental health and well-being in adults from lower-resource settings: A mixed-method evaluation of the impact of problem management plus — R2/PR7
Marchetti, M. (2024) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2024.52.pr7
Decision: Enhancing mental health and well-being in adults from lower-resource settings: A mixed-method evaluation of the impact of problem management plus — R1/PR6
Marchetti, M., Ceccarelli, C., Muneghina, O., et al. (2024) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2024.52.pr6
Recommendation: Enhancing mental health and well-being in adults from lower-resource settings: A mixed-method evaluation of the impact of problem management plus — R2/PR8
Marchetti, M., Ceccarelli, C., Muneghina, O., et al. (2024) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2024.52.pr8
Author comment: Enhancing mental health and well-being in adults from lower-resource settings: A mixed-method evaluation of the impact of problem management plus — R0/PR1
Marchetti, M. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2024.52.pr1
Author comment: Enhancing mental health and well-being in adults from lower-resource settings: A mixed-method evaluation of the impact of problem management plus — R1/PR4
Marchetti, M. (2024) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2024.52.pr4
Decision: Enhancing mental health and well-being in adults from lower-resource settings: A mixed-method evaluation of the impact of problem management plus — R2/PR9
Marchetti, M., Ceccarelli, C., Muneghina, O., et al. (2024) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2024.52.pr9
Decision: Enhancing mental health and well-being in adults from lower-resource settings: A mixed-method evaluation of the impact of problem management plus — R0/PR3
Marchetti, M., Ceccarelli, C., Muneghina, O., et al. (2023) · Cambridge Prisms Global Mental Health · doi:10.1017/gmh.2024.52.pr3

Authors: Sousa, T. V., Viveiros, V., Chai, M. V., Vicente, F. L., Jesus, G., Carnot, M. J., Gordo, A. C., & Ferreira, P. L.
Affiliations: Pfizer (Portugal) (PT)
University of Coimbra (PT)
Corresponding author: Ferreira, Pedro L
ORCID: Jesus, Gustavo
Ferreira, Pedro L
Venue: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2015-04-25
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Pages: 50-50
ISSN: 1477-7525 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1186/s12955-015-0244-2
PMC: PMC4424548
OpenAlex: W2116817969
Cited by: 237
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 23 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
FWCI: 6.04
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (unspecified)
Locations: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: Pfizer
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Health Education and Validation
Keywords: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, GAD-7, generalized anxiety disorder, Portuguese translation, cultural adaptation, psychometric validation, test-retest reliability, construct validity, criterion validity, unidimensionality, early diagnosis, health-related quality of life
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Portugal, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, Socioeconomic Factors, Reproducibility of Results, Principal Component Analysis

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks