Severity and mortality of COVID 19 in patients with diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB) with severity (invasive mechanical ventilation or intensive care unit admission or O2 saturation < 90%) and mortality of COVID-19 cases. Methods: Systematic review of the PubMed, Cochrane Library and SciELO databases was performed to identify relevant articles published from December 2019 to 6th May 2020. Forty articles were included involving 18.012 COVID-19 patients. Results: The random-effect meta-analysis showed that diabetes mellitus and hypertension were moderately associated respectively with severity and mortality for COVID-19: Diabetes [OR 2.35 95% CI 1.80–3.06 and OR 2.50 95% CI 1.74–3.59] Hypertension: [OR 2.98 95% CI 2.37–3.75 and OR 2.88 (2.22–3.74)]. Cardiovascular disease was strongly associated with both severity and mortality, respectively [OR 4.02 (2.76–5.86) and OR 6.34 (3.71–10.84)]. On the contrary, the use of ACEI/ARB, was not associate with severity of COVID-19. Conclusion: In conclusion, diabetes, hypertension and especially cardiovascular disease, are important risk factors for severity and mortality in COVID-19 infected people and are targets that must be intensively addressed in the management of this infection.
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Key risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 include advanced age (>80 years), diabetes, obesity, male gender, and hypertension.
“Key risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 include advanced age (>80 years), diabetes, obesity, male gender, and hypertension (8–12).”
From Lung epithelial and endothelial damage, loss of tissue repair, inhibition of fibrinolysis, and cellular senescence in fatal COVID-19 (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
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References 72 · Cited by 391
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [43]Wu C Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan China JAMA Intern Med. 2020 13 e200994 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0994 PMC7070509 32167524 · DOI · Paper page
- [51]Zhang G Tan Z Zhou L Yang M Peng L Liu J Effects Of ARBs And ACEIs on virus infection, inflammatory status and clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients with hypertension: a single center retrospective study Hypertension. 2020 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15143 32348166 · DOI
- Authors
- de Almeida-Pititto, B., Dualib, P. M., Zajdenverg, L., Dantas, J. R., de Souza, F. D., Rodacki, M., Bertoluci, M. C., & Brazilian Diabetes Society Study Group (SBD)
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (BR)
- Venue
- Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
- Published
- 2020-08-31
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 75-75
- ISSN
- 1758-5996 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7456786
- OpenAlex
- W3082501133
- Cited by
- 391
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 85 · 2022: 105 · 2021: 114 · 2020: 6 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 3.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, disease severity, mortality, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, comorbidities, risk factors, mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit admission, hypoxemia
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