Cited by 105Migration, Health and TraumaPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchPsychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments

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Chronic pain in multi-traumatized outpatients with a refugee background resettled in Norway: a cross-sectional study

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Teodorescu, Dinu-Stefan, Heir, Trond, Siqveland, Johan, Hauff, Edvard, Wentzel-Larsen, Tore, Lien, Lars·2015·BMC Psychology

DOI 10.1186/s40359-015-0064-5PMC PMC4369066

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Traumatized refugees often report significant levels of chronic pain in addition to posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and more information is needed to understand pain in refugees exposed to traumatic events. This study aimed to assess the frequency of chronic pain among refugee psychiatric outpatients, and to compare outpatients with and without chronic pain on trauma exposure, psychiatric morbidity, and psychiatric symptom severity. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of sixty-one psychiatric outpatients with a refugee background using structured clinical diagnostic interviews to assess for traumatic events [Life Events Checklist (LEC)], PTSD (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder) and complex PTSD [Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV PTSD Module (SCID-PTSD) and Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES)], chronic pain (SIDES Scale VI) and psychiatric symptoms [M.I.N.I. International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.)]. Self-report measures were used to assess symptoms of posttraumatic stress [Impact of Event Scale-revised (IES-R)], depression and anxiety [Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-25)] and several markers of acculturation in Norway. RESULTS: Of the 61 outpatients included, all but one reported at least one chronic pain location, with a mean of 4.6 locations per patient. Chronic pain at clinical levels was present in 66% of the whole sample of outpatients, and in 88% of the outpatients with current PTSD diagnosis. The most prevalent chronic pain locations were head (80%), chest (74%), arms/legs (66%) and back (62%). Women had significantly more chronic pain locations than men. Comorbid PTSD and chronic pain were found in 57% of the outpatients. Significant differences were found between outpatients with and without chronic pain on posttraumatic stress, psychological distress, and DESNOS severity. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic pains are common in multi-traumatized refugees in outpatient clinics in Norway, and are positively related to symptomatology and severity of psychiatric morbidity. The presence of chronic pain, as well as comorbid chronic pain and PTSD, in psychiatric outpatients with a refugee background call for an integrated assessment and treatment for both conditions.

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Additional file 3 of Chronic pain, mental health and functional impairment in adult refugees from Syria resettled in Norway: a cross-sectional study
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Additional file 2 of Exploring the burden, prevalence and associated factors of chronic musculoskeletal pain in migrants from North Africa and Middle East living in Europe: a scoping review
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Additional file 1 of Effect of a self-help group intervention using Teaching Recovery Techniques to improve mental health among Syrian refugees in Norway: a randomized controlled trial
Hasha, W., Igland, J., Fadnes, L. T., Kumar, B. N., Heltne, U. M., & Diaz, E. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21019297
Additional file 1 of Exploring the burden, prevalence and associated factors of chronic musculoskeletal pain in migrants from North Africa and Middle East living in Europe: a scoping review
Tsetseri, M.-N., Keene, D. J., Silman, A. J., & Dakin, S. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25397442
Additional file 1 of The impact of an exercise and sport intervention on cognitive function and pain among forcibly displaced individuals at risk for PTSD: a secondary analysis of the SALEEM randomized controlled trial
Knappe, F., Filippou, K., Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Μωρρές, Ι., Ludyga, S., Seelig, H., Tzormpatzakis, E., Havas, E., Theodorakis, Y., von Känel, R., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.27012367
Additional file 2 of Chronic pain, mental health and functional impairment in adult refugees from Syria resettled in Norway: a cross-sectional study
Nissen, A., Hynek, K. A., Scales, D., Hilden, P. K., & Straiton, M. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20624932
Additional file 1 of Chronic pain, mental health and functional impairment in adult refugees from Syria resettled in Norway: a cross-sectional study
Nissen, A., Hynek, K. A., Scales, D., Hilden, P. K., & Straiton, M. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20624929
Additional file 1 of The association between chronic pain and pre-and-post migration experiences in resettled humanitarian refugee women residing in Australia
Altun, A., Soh, S.-E., Brown, H. L., & Russell, G. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19728449
Additional file 4 of Somatic distress among Syrian refugees with residence permission in Germany: analysis of a cross-sectional register-based study
Borho, A., Morawa, E., Schmitt, G. M., & Erim, Y. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14576678

Authors: Teodorescu, D.-S., Heir, T., Siqveland, J., Hauff, E., Wentzel-Larsen, T., & Lien, L.
Affiliations: Innlandet Hospital Trust (NO)
University of Oslo (NO)
Oslo University Hospital (NO)
Corresponding author: Teodorescu, Dinu-Stefan
ORCID: Heir, Trond
Siqveland, Johan
Lien, Lars
Venue: BMC Psychology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2015-03-15
Volume: 3
Issue: 1
Pages: 7-7
ISSN: 2050-7283 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1186/s40359-015-0064-5
PMC: PMC4369066
OpenAlex: W1965272223
Cited by: 105
References: 99
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2
FWCI: 9.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (unspecified)
Locations: BMC Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: Høgskolen i Hedmark
Sykehuset Innlandet HF
Helse Sør-Øst RHF
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Keywords: chronic pain, refugees, post-traumatic stress disorder, complex PTSD, trauma exposure, psychiatric outpatients, comorbidities, acculturation, DESNOS, depression, anxiety, gender differences, resettled refugees

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Chronic pain in multi-traumatized outpatients with a refugee background resettled in Norway: a cross-sectional study

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