The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Development of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors as a form of cancer immunotherapy: a comprehensive review of registration trials and future considerations
Open accessAbstract
Early preclinical evidence provided the rationale for programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade as a potential form of cancer immunotherapy given that activation of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis putatively served as a mechanism for tumor evasion of host tumor antigen-specific T-cell immunity. Early-phase studies investigating several humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibodies targeting PD-1 and PD-L1 in advanced solid tumors paved way for the development of the first PD-1 inhibitors, nivolumab and pembrolizumab, approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2014. The number of FDA-approved agents of this class is rapidly enlarging with indications for treatment spanning across a spectrum of malignancies. The purpose of this review is to highlight the clinical development of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors in cancer therapy to date. In particular, we focus on detailing the registration trials that have led to FDA-approved indications of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 therapies in cancer. As the number of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors continues to grow, predictive biomarkers, mechanisms of resistance, hyperprogressors, treatment duration and treatment beyond progression, immune-related toxicities, and clinical trial design are key concepts in need of further consideration to optimize the anticancer potential of this class of immunotherapy.
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Cites
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Cited by
A guide to cancer immunotherapy: from T cell basic science to clinical practice
Waldman, A. D., Fritz, J. M., & Lenardo, M. J. (2020) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-020-0306-5 · Cited by 4,154
The evolving landscape of biomarkers for checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy
Havel, J. J., Chowell, D., & Chan, T. A. (2019) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41568-019-0116-x · Cited by 2,286
The immune contexture and Immunoscore in cancer prognosis and therapeutic efficacy
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PD-L1 as a biomarker of response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors
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Mechanisms Controlling PD-L1 Expression in Cancer
Cha, J.-H., Chan, L.-C., Li, C.-W., Hsu, J. L., & Hung, M.-C. (2019) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2019.09.030 · Cited by 1,045
Metadata
- Authors
- Gong, J., Chehrazi-Raffle, A., Reddi, S., & Salgia, R.
- Venue
- Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2018-01-23
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 8-8
- ISSN
- 2051-1426 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2794577178
- Cited by
- 1,273
- References
- 34
- FWCI
- 54.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Development of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors as a form of cancer immunotherapy: a comprehensive review of registration trials and future considerations. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1186/s40425-018-0316-z
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- Gong, J., Chehrazi-Raffle, A., Reddi, S., & Salgia, R. (2018). Development of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors as a form of cancer immunotherapy: a comprehensive review of registration trials and future considerations. Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40425-018-0316-z
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
