Business ecosystem architecture development: a case study of Electric Vehicle home charging
Open accessAbstract
Due to the complexity of business ecosystems, the architecture of business ecosystems has not been well discussed in the literature, and modeling or simulation of business ecosystems has been rarely focused. Therefore, this paper proposes a business ecosystem ontology and introduces a methodology for business ecosystem architecture design. The proposed methodology includes five stages: 1) Boundary identification of a business ecosystem; 2) Identification of actors and their roles in the business ecosystem; 3) Identification of actors’ value propositions; 4) Identification of interaction between actors; 5) Verification of business ecosystem architecture design. This paper uses the Danish electricity system as an example to introduce the methodology, and use Electric Vehicle home charging as a case study to demonstrate the application of the developed methodology. The case study demonstrates that the proposed methodology is a systematic approach and can be easily applied to any ecosystem architecture design with the five stages, and the designed ecosystem architecture can represent the physical system and business. Several definitions are clarified in the paper, e.g., actor, role, interaction, ecosystem roadmap and expanded/shifted ecosystem, etc. With clear definitions, the proposed methodology provides a visualized, clear structure of behaviors and specifications for a given business ecosystem.
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The multi-agent simulation framework, augmented by a business ecosystem modeling approach, captures micro-level charging decisions and macro-level capacity constraints.
“By embedding each EV user, the aggregator, and the DSO as separate agents, the model captures micro-level charging decisions and macro-level capacity constraints.”
From A Multi-Agent, Laxity-Based Aggregation Strategy for Cost-Effective Electric Vehicle Charging and Local Transformer Overload Prevention (2025) · cites this paper as [21]
The Future works section says a multi-agent simulation of EV home charging “will be developed,” rather than reporting a model that already captures charging decisions or grid constraints. The paper identifies EV users and DSOs as ecosystem roles, but does not describe embedding them and an aggregator as separate simulation agents. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Cites
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Adner, R. (2017) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206316678451 · Cited by 2,600 · see citing works
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Sorted by citations
Christensen, K., Jørgensen, B. N., & Ma, Z. G. (2025) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su17093847 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Second, it integrates a multi-agent simulation model with a detailed business ecosystem perspective [20,21], thereby capturing the micro-level interactions among EV owners, the aggregator, and DSOs.”
InfluentialSelf-citation
- Authors
- Ma, Z., Christensen, K., & Jørgensen, B. N.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern Denmark (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Ma, Zheng
- Venue
- Energy Informatics
- Published
- 2021-06-24
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2520-8942 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3175399890
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 2.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Energy Informatics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Digital Platforms and Economics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications
- Keywords
- business ecosystems, actor roles, value proposition, actor interaction
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