Cited by 53

Protein characteristics, amino acid profile, health benefits and methods of extraction and isolation of proteins from some pseudocereals—A review

Rao, Vasundhara, Poonia, Amrita·2023·Food Production, Processing and Nutrition

Abstract

Pseudocereals are the seeds or fruits of non-grass species that can be consumed similarly to cereals. Most commonly used pseudocereals are amaranth, quinoa, buckwheat, chia, album and wattleseeds. These underutilized pseudocereals are good source of essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, phenolic compounds, vitamins, flavonoids and minerals. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has identified many plants as under-utilized, which can significantly contribute for improving nutrition and health, enhance food basket and livelihoods, future food security and sustainable development. They are reported to have anti-cancerous, cardio-protective, anti-inflammatory, hypocholesterolemic, anti-obesity and antioxidant properties. This review paper portray major pseudocereals with their amino acid composition, methods of extraction and isolation of proteins, effect of processing on the quality of protein and nutritional profile and various health benefits. Graphical Abstract

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1186/s43014-023-00154-z

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 107

  1. Aderibigbe, O. R., Ezekiel, O. O., Owolade, S. O., Korese, J. K., Sturm, B., & Hensel, O. (2022). Exploring the potentials of underutilized grain amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) along the value chain for food and nutrition security: A review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(3), 656-669.
  2. Agboola, S. O., & Aluko, R. E. (2009). Isolation and structural properties of the major protein fraction in Australian wattle seed (Acacia victoriae Bentham). Food Chemistry, 115(4), 1187-1193.
  3. Ahmed, A., Khalid, N., Ahmad, A., Abbasi, N. A., Latif, M. S. Z., & Randhawa, M. A. (2014). Phytochemicals and biofunctional properties of buckwheat: A review. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 152(3), 349-369.
  4. Alencar, N. M. M., & de Carvalho Oliveira, L. (2019). Advances in Pseudocereals: crop cultivation, food application, and consumer perception. Bioactive Molecules in Food (pp. 1695-1713). Springer, Cham.
  5. Alghamdi, E. S. (2018) Protective effect of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoawilld.) seeds against hypercholesterolemia in male rats. Pharmacophore 9(6):11-21
  6. Amare, E., Mouquet-Rivier, C., Rochette, I., Adish, A., & Haki, G. D. (2016). Effect of popping and fermentation on proximate composition, minerals and absorption inhibitors, and mineral bioavailability of Amaranthus cauda- tus grain cultivated in Ethiopia. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 53(7), 2987-2994.
  7. Ando, H., Chen, Y. C., Tang, H., Shimizu, M., Watanabe, K., & Mitsunaga, T. (2002). Food components in fractions of quinoa seed. Food Science and Tech- nology Research, 8(1), 80-84.
  8. Bastidas, E. G., Roura, R., Rizzolo, D. A. D., Massanés, T., & Gomis, R. (2016). Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), from nutritional value to poten- tial health benefits: an integrative review. Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences, 6, 3.
  9. Bigliardi, B., & Galati, F. (2013). Innovation trends in the food industry: The case of functional foods. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 31(2), 118-129.
  10. Carciochi, R. A., Galv'an-D' Alessandro, L., Vandendriessche, P., & Chollet, S. (2016). Effect of germination and fermentation process on the anti- oxidant compounds of quinoa seeds. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 71(4), 361-367.
  11. Chen, X. W., Chen, Y. J., Li, J. Y., Wang, Y. H., & Yang, X. Q. (2019). Enzyme-assisted development of biofunctional polyphenol-enriched buckwheat pro- tein: Physicochemical properties, in vitro digestibility, and antioxidant activity. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 99(6), 3176-3185.
  12. Chicco, A. G., D' Alessandro, M. E., Hein, G. J., Oliva, M. E., & Lombardo, Y. B. (2009). Dietary chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) rich in α-linolenic acid improves adiposity and normalises hypertriacylglycerolaemia and insulin resistance in dyslipaemic rats. British Journal of Nutrition, 101(1), 41-50.
  13. Clemente, A., & del Carmen, A. M. (2014). Bowman-Birk inhibitors from leg- umes as colorectal chemopreventive agents. World Journal of Gastroen- terology, 20, 10305-10315. https:// doi. org/ 10. 3748/ wjg. v20. i30. 10305 · DOI
  14. Coates, W. (2011). Protein content, oil content and fatty acid profiles as poten- tial criteria to determine the origin of commercially grown chia (Salvia hispanica L.). Industrial Crops and Products, 34(2), 1366-1371.
  15. Coelho, M. et al. (2018) Emerging opportunities in exploring the nutritional/ functional value of amaranth. Food Functions, 9:5499-5512. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1039/ c8fo0 1422a · DOI
  16. Cravotto, G., Gaudino, E. C., & Cintas, P. (2013). On the mechanochemical acti- vation by ultrasound. Chemical Society Reviews, 42(18), 7521-7534.
  17. De Bock, P., Daelemans, L., Selis, L., Raes, K., Vermeir, P., Eeckhout, M., & Van Bockstaele, F. (2021). Comparison of the chemical and technological characteristics of wholemeal flours obtained from amaranth (Amaran- thus sp.), quinoa (chenopodium quinoa) and buckwheat (fagopyrum sp.) seeds. Foods, 10(3), 651.
  18. De Carvalho, F. G., Ovídio, P. P., Padovan, G. J., Jordão Junior, A. A., Marchini, J. S., & Navarro, A. M. (2014). Metabolic parameters of postmenopausal women after quinoa or corn flakes intake-a prospective and double- blind study. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 65(3), 380-385.
  19. de Lima, V. C. O., Piuvezam, G., Maciel, B. L. L., & de Araújo, M. A. H. (2019). Trypsin inhibitors: Promising candidate satietogenic proteins as com- plementary treatment for obesity and metabolic disorders? Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 34, 405-419. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1080/ 14756 366. 2018. 15423 87 · DOI
  20. Elsohaimy, S. A., Refaay, T. M., & Zaytoun, M. A. M. (2015). Physicochemical and functional properties of quinoa protein isolate. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 60(2), 297-305.
  21. Fabian, C., & Ju, Y. H. (2011). A review on rice bran protein: Its properties and extraction methods. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 51(9), 816-827.
  22. Fernández-Martínez, E. Lira-Islas, I.G. Cariño-Cortés, R. Soria-Jasso, L.E Pérez- Hernández, E and Pérez-Hernández N. (2019) Dietary chia seeds (Salvia hispanica ) improve acute dyslipidemia and ste-atohepatitis in rats. Journal of Food Biochemistry 43(9):e12986
  23. Filho, A. M. M., Pirozi, M. R., Borges, J. T. D. S., Pinheiro Sant' Ana, H. M., Chaves, J. B. P., & Coimbra, J. S. D. R. (2017). Quinoa: Nutritional, functional, and anti-nutritional aspects. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 57(8), 1618-1630.
  24. Gęsiński, K., & Nowak, K. (2011). Comparative analysis of the biological value of protein of Chenopodium quinoa willd. And Chenopodium album L. Part I. amino acid composition of the seed protein. Acta Sci Pol Agric, 10(3), 47-56.
  25. Gobbetti, M., De Angelis, M., Di Cagno, R., Polo, A., & Rizzello, C. G. (2020). The sourdough fermentation is the powerful process to exploit the potential of legumes, pseudo-cereals and milling by-products in baking industry. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 60(13), 2158-2173.
  26. Gómez-Favela, M. A., Gutiérrez-Dorado, R., Cuevas-Rodríguez, E. O., Canizalez- Román, V. A., del Rosario León-Sicairos, C., Milán-Carrillo, J., & Reyes- Moreno, C. (2017). Improvement of chia seeds with antioxidant activity, GABA, essential amino acids, and dietary fiber by controlled germina- tion bioprocess. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 72(4), 345-352.
  27. Gondola, I., & Papp, P. P. (2010). Origin, geographical distribution and phylo- genic relationships of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.). The European Journal of Plant Science and Biotechnology, 4(1), 17-32.
  28. Gramza-Michałowska, A. (2020). The Effects of Ultra-Processed Food Consump- tion-Is There Any Action Needed? Nutrients, 12(9), 2556.
  29. Graziano, S., Agrimonti, C., Marmiroli, N., & Gullì, M. (2022). Utilisation and limi- tations of pseudocereals (quinoa, amaranth, and buckwheat) in food production: A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 125, 154-156.
  30. Guo, X. D. Wu, C. S. Ma, Y. J. Parry, J. Xu, Y. Y. Liu, H. Wang, M. (2010). Comparison of milling fractions of tartary buckwheat for their phenolics and antioxi- dant properties. Food Research International, 49(1), 53-59.
  31. Haber, T., Obiedziński, M., Biller, E., Waszkiewicz-Robak, B., Achremowicz, B., & Ceglińska, A. (2017). Pseudocereals and the posibilities of their applica- tion in food technology, General characteristics of Amaranth. Polish Journal of Applied Sciences, 3(2), 45-52.
  32. Haros, C. M., & Wronkowska, M. (2017). Pseudocereal dry and wet milling: processes, products and applications. Pseudocereals: Chemistry and Technology (pp. 140-162)
  33. Jin, F., Nieman, D. C., Sha, W., Xie, G., Qiu, Y., & Jia, W. (2012). Supplementation of milled chia seeds increases plasma ALA and EPA in postmenopausal women. Plant Foods Hum Nutr., 67(2), 105-10. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1007/ s11130-012-0286-0. PMID: 22538527. · DOI
  34. Jin, J., Ohanenye, I. C., & Udenigwe, C. C. (2022). Buckwheat proteins: Func- tionality, safety, bioactivity, and prospects as alternative plant-based proteins in the food industry. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutri- tion, 62(7), 1752-1764.
  35. Joshi, D.C. Chaudhari, G.V. Sood, S. Kant, L. Pattanayak, A. Zhang, K. Zhou, M. (2019) Revisiting the versatile buckwheat: Reinvigorating genetic gains through integrated breeding and genomics approach. Planta, 250(3):783-801
  36. Kachiguma, N. A., Mwase, W., Maliro, M., & Damaliphetsa, A. (2015). Chemical and mineral composition of amaranth (Amaranthus L.) species col- lected from central Malawi. Journal of Food Research, 4(4), 92.
  37. Kaur, I., Tanwar, B., Reddy, M., & Chauhan, A. (2016). Vitamin C, total polyphe- nols, and antioxidant activity in raw, domestically processed, and industrially processed Indian Chenopodium quinoa seeds. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 6(4), 139-145.
  38. Khairuddin, M. A. N., & Lasekan, O. (2021). Gluten-Free Cereal Products and Beverages: A Review of Their Health Benefits in the Last Five Years. Foods, 10(11), 2523.
  39. Lado, M. B., et al. (2015). Effects of the dietary addition of amaranth (Ama- ranthus mantegazzianus) protein isolate on antioxidant status, lipid profiles and blood pressure of rats. Plant Foods Human Nutrition, 70, 371-379. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1007/ s11130-015-0516-3 · DOI
  40. Laghari, A. H., Memon, S., Nelofar, A., Khan, K. M., & Yasmin, A. (2011). Deter- mination of free phenolic acids and antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts obtained from fruits and leaves of Chenopodium album. Food Chemistry, 126(4), 1850-1855.
  41. Li, F. H., Yuan, Y., Yang, X. L., Tao, S.-Y., & Jian. (2013). Phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Möench and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth) hulls, brans and flours. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 12(9), 1684-1693.
  42. Li, G.H. Qu, M.R. Wan, J.Z & You, J.M. (2007) Antihypertensive effect of rice protein hydrolysate with in vitro angiotensinI-converting enzyme inhib- itory activity in spontaneously hyperten-sive rats. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 16:275-80.
  43. Liu, T., Zhang, L., Joo, D., & Sun, S. C. (2017). NF-κB signaling in inflammation. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, 2, 17023. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1038/ sigtr ans. 23 · DOI
  44. López, D. N., Galante, M., Robson, M., Boeris, V., & Spelzini, D. (2018). Amaranth, quinoa and chia protein isolates: Physicochemical and structural prop- erties. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 109, 152-159.
  45. Mäkinen, O. E., Zannini, E., & Arendt, E. K. (2013). Germination of oat and qui- noa and evaluation of the malts as gluten free baking ingredients. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 68(1), 90-95.
  46. Mal, B. (2022). Conservation and Use of Underutilized Crops: Challenges and Way Forward. Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources., 35(3), 162-168. https:// doi. org/ 10. 5958/ 0976-1926. 2022. 00061. · DOI
  47. Malik, A. M. Singh, A. (2021) Pseudocereals Proteins-A comprehensive review on its isolation, composition and quality evaluation techniques. Food Chemis- try Advances, 1:100001. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1016/j. focha. 2021. 100001 · DOI
  48. Mandák, B., Trávníček, P., Paštová, L., & Kořínková, D. (2012). Is hybridization involved in the evolution of the Chenopodium album aggregate? An analysis based on chromosome counts and genome size estimation. Flora-Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, 207(7), 530-540.
  49. Martirosyan, D. M., Miroshnichenko, L. A., Kulakova, S. N., Pogojeva, A. V., & Zoloedov, V. I. (2007). Amaranth oil application for coronary heart disease and hypertension. Lipids in Health and Disease, 6(1), 1-12.
  50. Mokrejs, P., Janacova, D., Kolomaznik, K., & Svoboda, P. (2011). Modeling isola- tion of Amaranth protein by enzymatic breakdown of polysaccharides. Rasayan Journal Chemical, 4(1), 180-188.
  51. Motta, C., Castanheira, I., Gonzales, G. B., Delgado, I., Torres, D., Santos, M., & Matos, A. S. (2019). Impact of cooking methods and malting on amino acids content in amaranth, buckwheat and quinoa. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 76, 58-65.
  52. Muñoz, L. A., Cobos, A., Diaz, O., & Aguilera, J. M. (2013). Chia seed (Salvia hispanica): An ancient grain and a new functional food. Food Reviews International, 29(4), 394-408.
  53. Mushtaq, S. B., Zhang, W., Al-Ansi, W., Ul Haq, F., Rehman, A., Omer, R., Mahmood Khan, I., Niazi, S., Ahmad, A., & Ali Mahdi, A. (2021). A Critical Review on the Development, Physicochemical Variations and Techni- cal Concerns of Gluten Free Extrudates in Food Systems. Food Review International (pp. 1-29)
  54. Navruz-Varli, S., & Sanlier, N. (2016). Nutritional and health benefits of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Journal of Cereal Science, 69, 371-376.
  55. Nishimura, M., Ohkawara, T., Sato, Y., Satoh, H., Suzuki, T., Ishiguro, K., Noda, T., Morishita, T., & Nishihira, J. (2016). Effectiveness of rutin-rich Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) 'Manten-Kirari' in body weight reduction related to its antioxidant properties: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Journal of Functional Foods, 26, 460-469. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1016/j. jff. 2016. 08. 004 · DOI
  56. Nsimba, R. Y., Kikuzaki, H., & Konishi, Y. (2008). Antioxidant activity of various extracts and fractions of Chenopodium quinoa and Amaranthus spp. seeds. Food Chemistry, 106(2), 760-766.
  57. Obaroakpo, J. U. Nan,W. Hao, L. Liu, L. Zhang, S. Lu, J. X. Pang, and J. Lv. (2020) The hyperglycemic regulatory effect of sproutedquinoa yoghurt in high-fat-diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2diabetic mice via glucose and lipid homeostasis. Food & Function 11(9):8354-68. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1039/ D0FO0 1575J. · DOI
  58. Olguín-Calderón, D., et al. (2019). Modulation of caecal microbiome in obese mice associated with administration of amaranth or soybean protein isolates. Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 69, 35-44. https:// doi. org/ 10. 31883/ pjfns-2019-0002 · DOI
  59. Olivos-Lugo, B. L., Valdivia-López, M. Á., & Tecante, A. (2010). Thermal and physicochemical properties and nutritional value of the protein fraction of Mexican chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.). Food Science and Technology International, 16(1), 89-96.
  60. Omary, M. B., Fong, C., Rothschild, J., & Finney, P. (2012). Effects of germination on the nutritional profile of gluten-free cereals and pseudocereals: A review. Cereal Chemistry, 89(1), 1-14.
  61. Opazo-Navarrete, M., Schutyser, M. A. I., Boom, R. M., & Janssen, A. E. M. (2018). Effect of pre-treatment on in vitro gastric digestion of quinoa protein (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) obtained by wet and dry fractionation. International journal of food sciences and nutrition, 69(1), 1-11.
  62. Orona-Tamayo, D., Valverde, M. E., Nieto-Rendón, B., & Paredes-López, O. (2015). Inhibitory activity of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) protein fractions against angiotensin I-converting enzyme and antioxidant capacity. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 64(1), 236-242.
  63. Paśko, P., Bartoń, H., Zagrodzki, P., Chłopicka, J., Iżewska, A., Gawlik, M., & Gorinstein, S. (2011). Effect of amaranth seeds in diet on oxidative status in plasma and selected tissues of high fructose-fed rats. Food Chemistry, 126(1), 85-90.
  64. Pasko, P., Barton, H., Zagrodzki, P., Izewska, A., Krosniak, M., Gawlik, M., & Gorinstein, S. (2010). Effect of diet supplemented with quinoa seeds on oxidative status in plasma and selected tissues of high fructose-fed rats. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 65(2), 146-151.
  65. Pihlanto, A. Mattila, P. Mäkinen, S. & Pajari, A. M. (2017). Bioactivities of alterna- tive protein sources and their potential health benefits. Food & Function, 8(10), 3443-3458.
  66. Pirzadah, T. B., & Bisma Malik, B. (2020). Pseudocereals as super foods of 21st century: Recent technological interventions. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 2(100052), ISSN 2666-1543. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1016/j. jafr. 2020. 100052 · DOI
  67. Pirzadah, T. B. Malik, B. Tahir, I. and Rehman. R.U (2020) Buckwheat journey to functional food sector. Current Nutrition & Food Science 16(2):134-41. https:// doi. org/ 10. 2174/ 15734 01314 66618 10221 54332. · DOI
  68. Ponce-Garcia, N., Escalante-Aburto, A., Santiago-Ramos, D., & Mariscal-Moreno, R. M. (2021). Quinoa grains processing: effects on its physicochemical properties. In J. P. Ramírez-Anaya & S. T. Martín-del-Campo (Eds.), Super and nutraceutical foods: composition and technology (pp. 253-268). Nova Science Publisher.
  69. Poonia, A., & Upadhayay, A. (2015). Chenopodium album Linn: Review of nutritive value and biological properties. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(7), 3977-3985.
  70. Poutanen, K., Sozer, N., & Della Valle, G. (2014). How can technology help to deliver more of grain in cereal foods for a healthy diet? Journal of Cereal Science, 59(3), 327-336.
  71. Priego-Poyato, S., Rodrigo-Garcia, M., Escudero-Feliu, J., Garcia-Costela, M., Lima-Cabello, E., Carazo-Gallego, A., & Jimenez-Lopez, J. C. (2021). Current advances research in nutraceutical compounds of legumes, Pseudocereals and cereals. Grain and seed protein functionality (pp. 1-6)
  72. Qin, P., Wu, L., Yao, Y., & Ren, G. (2013). Changes in phytochemical composi- tions, antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities during the processing of tartary buckwheat tea. Food Research International, 50(2), 562-567.
  73. Qiu, J., et al. (2016). Dietary tartary buckwheat intake attenuates insulin resist- ance and improves lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Nutrition Research., 36, 1392-1401. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1016/j. nutres. 2016. 11. 007 · DOI · Paper page
  74. Ren, S. C., & Sun, J. T. (2014). Changes in phenolic content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, and antioxidant capacity of two buck- wheat sprouts in relation to germination. Journal of Functional Foods, 7, 298-304.
  75. Ruiz, G. A., Opazo-Navarrete, M., Meurs, M., Minor, M., Sala, G., van Boekel, M., & Janssen, A. E. (2016). Denaturation and in vitro gastric digestion of heat- treated quinoa protein isolates obtained at various extraction pH. Food Biophysics, 11(2), 184-197.
  76. Sabbione, A. C., et al. (2016). Antithrombotic effects of Amaranthus hypochon- driacus proteins in rats. Plant Foods and Human Nutrition, 71, 19-27. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1007/ s11130-015-05172 · DOI
  77. Sandoval-Oliveros, M. R., & Paredes-López, O. (2013). Isolation and charac- terization of proteins from chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61(1), 193-201.
  78. Sanz-Penella, J. M., Wronkowska, M., Soral-Smietana, M., & Haros, M. (2013). Effect of whole amaranth flour on bread properties and nutritive value. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 50(2), 679-685.
  79. Satheesh, N., & Fanta, S. W. (2018). Review on structural, nutritional and anti-nutritional composition of Teff (Eragrostis tef ) in comparison with Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Cogent Food & Agriculture, 4(1), 1546942.
  80. Schönfeldt, H. C., & Hall, N. G. (2012). Dietary protein quality and malnutrition in Africa. British Journal of Nutrition, 108(S2), S69-S76.
  81. Schutyser, M. A. I., & Van der Goot, A. J. (2011). The potential of dry fractiona- tion processes for sustainable plant protein production. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 22(4), 154-164.
  82. Shelat, K. J. Adiamo, O. Q. Olarte Mantilla, S. M. Smyth, H. E. Tinggi, U. Hickey, S. Sultanbawa, Y. (2019) Overall nutritional and sensory profile of different species of Australian wattle seeds (Acacia spp.): Potential food sources in the arid and semi-arid regions. Foods, 8(10), 482.
  83. Shukla, A., Srivastava, N., Suneja, P., Yadav, S. K., Hussain, Z., Rana, J. C., & Yadav, S. (2018). Genetic diversity analysis in Buckwheat germplasm for nutri- tional traits. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 56(11), 827-837.
  84. Sierra, L., Roco, J., Alarcon, G., Medina, M., Van Nieuwenhove, C., de Bruno, M. P., & Jerez, S. (2015). Dietary intervention with Salvia hispanica (Chia) oil improves vascular function in rabbits under hypercholesterolaemic conditions. Journal of Functional Foods, 14, 641-649.
  85. Singh, A., Kumari, A., & Chaudhary, H. K. (2021). Amaranth, Buckwheat, and Chenopodium: The "ABC" Nutraceuticals of Northwestern Himalayas. Agricultural Biotechnology: Latest Research and Trends (pp. 587-634). Springer, Singapore.
  86. Soladoye, O. P., Juárez, M. L., Aalhus, J. L., Shand, P., & Estévez, M. (2015). Protein oxidation in processed meat: Mechanisms and potential implications on human health. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 14(2), 106-122.
  87. Soriano-Santos, J., et al. (2015). Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitory activity of protein hydrolyzates from Amaranthus hyppchondriacus L., grain and their influence on postprandial glycemia in streptozotocin-induced dia- betic mice. African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 12, 90-98. https:// doi. org/ 10. 4314/ ajtcam. v12i1. 13 · DOI
  88. Spychaj, A., Pospiech, E., Iwańska, E., & Montowska, M. (2018). Detection of allergenic additives in processed meat products. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 98(13), 4807-4815.
  89. Stringer, D. M., et al. (2013). Consumption of buckwheat modulates the post- prandial response of selected gastrointestinal satiety hormones in indi- viduals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabol. Clin. Exp., 62, 1021-1031. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1016/j. metab ol · DOI
  90. Sung, D. E., Lee, J., Han, Y., Shon, D. H., Ahn, K., Oh, S., & Do, J. R. (2014). Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis of buckwheat protein on antigenicity and allergenicity. Nutrition Research and Practice, 8(3), 278-283.
  91. Suárez-Estrella, D. Torri, L. Pagani, M. A. Marti, A. (2018). Quinoa bitterness: Causes and solutions for improving product acceptability. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 98(11), 4033-4041.
  92. Tandang-Silvas, M. R., Cabanos, C. S., Peña, L. D. C., De La Rosa, A. P. B., Osuna- Castro, J. A., Utsumi, S., & Maruyama, N. (2012). Crystal structure of a major seed storage protein, 11S proglobulin, from Amaranthus hypochondriacus: Insight into its physico-chemical properties. Food Chemistry, 135(2), 819-826.
  93. Thakur, P., & Kumar, K. (2019). Nutritional importance and processing aspects of Pseudo-cereals. Journal of Agricultural Engineering and Food Technology, 6, 155-160.
  94. Toapanta, A., Carpio, C., Vilcacundo, R., & Carrillo, W. (2016). Analysis of protein isolate from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 9, 332-334.
  95. TömöSközi, S., GyeNGe, L., PeLCéder, Á., AboNyi, T., & Lásztity, R. (2011). The effects of flour and protein preparations from amaranth and quinoa seeds on the rheological properties of wheat-flour dough and bread crumb. Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 29(2), 109-116.
  96. Ueno, M., Yasui, Y., Aii, J., Matsui, K., Sato, S., & Ota, T. (2016). Genetic analyses of the heteromorphic self-incompatibility (S) locus in buckwheat. Molecular breeding and nutritional aspects of buckwheat (pp. 411-421). Academic Press.
  97. Ugural, A. Akyol, A. (2022). Can pseudocereals modulate microbiota by functioning as probiotics or prebiotics?. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(7), 1725-1739. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1080/ 10408 398. 2020. 18464 · DOI
  98. Vara-Messler, M., Pasqualini, M. E., Comba, A., et al. (2017). Increased dietary levels of α-linoleic acid inhibit mammary tumor growth and metastasis. European Journal of Nutrition, 56, 509-519. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1007/ s00394-015-1096-6 · DOI
  99. Vega-Gálvez, A., Miranda, M., Vergara, J., Uribe, E., Puente, L., & Martínez, E. A. (2010). Nutrition facts and functional potential of quinoa (Cheno- podium quinoa willd.), an ancient Andean grain: a review. Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture, 90(15), 2541-2547.
  100. Wu, H. C., Chen, H. M., & Shiau, C. Y. (2003). Free amino acids and peptides as related to antioxidant properties in protein hydrolysates of mackerel (Scomber austriasicus). Food Research International, 36, 949-957. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1016/ S0963-9969(03) 00104-2 · DOI
  101. Wu, X., Sun, Y., Shi, Y., Tang, Y., Tian, J., & Zhao, G. (2018). Study on Kinetics of Protein Forward Extraction from Quinoa by AOT/Isooctane Reverse Micelles System. 2018 3rd International Conference on Modelling, Simula- tion and Applied Mathematics (MSAM 2018) (pp. 334-339). Atlantis Press.
  102. Yadav, L., & Upasana,. (2022). Pseudocereals: A Novel Path towards Healthy Eating. In V. Y. Waisundara (Ed.), Pseudocereals. . https:// doi. org/ 10. 5772/ intec hopen. 103708 · DOI
  103. Yael, B., Liel, G., Hana, B., Ran, H., & Shmuel, G. (2012). Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of red and yellow quinoa (Chenopodium qui- noa Willd.) seeds as affected by baking and cooking conditions. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 3(8), 1150-1155.
  104. Zhang, C., Zhang, R., Li, Y. M., Liang, N., Zhao, Y., Zhu, H., & Chen, Z. Y. (2017). Cholesterol-lowering activity of Tartary buckwheat protein. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 65(9), 1900-1906.
  105. Zhou, X.-L., et al. (2018). Tartary buckwheat protein prevented dyslipidemia in high-fat dietfed mice associated with gut microbiota changes. Food Chemistry and Toxicology., 119, 296-301. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1016/j. fct. 2018. 02. 052 · DOI
  106. Zhu, F., Du, B., & Xu, B. (2018). Anti-inflammatory effects of phytochemicals from fruits, vegetables, and food legumes: A review. Critical Review Food Science and Nutrition, 58, 1260-1270. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1080/ 10408 398. 2016. 12513 · DOI
  107. Złotek, U., Gawlik-Dziki, U., Dziki, D., Świeca, M., Nowak, R., & Martinez, E. (2019). Influence of drying temperature on phenolic acids composi- tion and antioxidant activity of sprouts and leaves of white and red quinoa. Journal of Chemistry, Article ID 7125169. https:// doi. org/ 10. 1155/ 2019/ 71251 69 · DOI

Authors
Rao, V., & Poonia, A.
Venue
Food Production, Processing and Nutrition
Published
2023-06-06
Volume
5
Issue
1
ISSN
2661-8974
Cited by
53
References
2
Language
en

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review