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Cited by 6Parasitic Diseases Research and TreatmentHelminth infection and controlNematode management and characterization studies

Morphological and molecular characterization of Setaria equina in donkeys

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Abdel Rahman, Mona Mohammed I.·2020·Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
DOI 10.1186/s43088-020-00046-y
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Abstract

Abstract Background Adult worms of Setaria equina mainly found in the peritoneal cavity of equine. They were nonpathogenic but might induce varied degrees of peritonitis and might migrate to the eye, brain, lung, and scrotum causing lacrimation, blindness, paraplegia, locomotor, and neurological disturbances. Identification by light microscopy is insufficient to differentiate Setaria species, and so scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is required to observe their ultrastructures. The study was performed on 80 donkeys from May 2018 to January 2019 for the detection of microfilaria in blood and the adult worms in the peritoneal cavity. The blood samples were either stained with Giemsa stain or examined by modified Knott’s technique for the detection of microfilariae. Adult worms were morphologically characterized based on light microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). PCR was performed targeting the 12S rRNA gene followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Results The current study recorded 21.6% and 16.2% prevalence rates for adult worms and microfilariae, respectively. By using SEM, this study was able to clarify the detailed structure of amphids, predeirids, vulva, arrangement, and number of male caudal papillae. PCR amplified products for 12S rRNA gene (408 bp) for adult worm and microfilaria. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis revealed that S. equina isolated in the current study from donkeys in Egypt (accession no., MH345965) shared 100% identity with isolates from horse and man in Italy and Iran, respectively and clustered in the same clade with S. digitata, S. tundra and S. labiatopapillosa. Conclusions Identification with light microscopy lacked the ability to characterize different Setaria species, and so using scanning electron microscopy is considered a good choice to distinguish the ultrastructures. In addition, performing the phylogenetic analysis was necessary to detect relationships between different filarial worms, which could not detect by the morphological characterization of adult worms.

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  • Studies on neglected filaroid parasites in Egyptian provinces remain scant and outdated.

    “Studies on neglected filaroid parasites (i.e., Setaria equina, Onchocerca cervicalis, Onchocerca reticulata and Parafilaria multipapillosa) remain scant and outdated from many Egyptian provinces [7,12,26,27,28,29,30,31,32].”

    From Emergent and Neglected Equine Filariosis in Egypt: Species Diversity and Host Immune Response (2022) · cites this paper as [32]

    The Background says fewer studies were known about Setaria equina in donkeys in Egypt, supporting a narrower research-gap claim. It does not say that studies of all four named parasites are scant or outdated across many Egyptian provinces; the References list includes older studies, but does not establish that broader assessment. No page numbers are provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Research works printed but not linked: 6

  1. Abd El-Wahab TM, Ashour AA (1999) Scanning electron microscopy of the two filariid nematodes Setaria equina and Onchocerca cervicalis from Kafr El- Sheikh area, Egypt. Alexandria J Vet Sci 15(3):541-547
  2. Mahmoud AE (2006) A study of Setaria equina (Abildgaard, 1789) by light and scanning electron microscopy. EL-Minia Med Bullet 17(1):157-173
  3. Sloss MW, Kemp RL, Zajac AM (1994) Veterinary clinical parasitology . 6th edi. edn. Iowa State University Press, Ames. India
  4. Sakal AA, Hassan AA, Dyab AK, Mahmoud AE (2000) Parasitological studies on filariasis in Assiut Governorate. Assiut Med J 24(1):29-35
  5. Radwan AMM (1999) An investigation on parasitic infection in equines. M.V. Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.
  6. Hadi AM, Atiyah AH (2014) Isolation and identification of blood parasites from equine in Baghdad. Paper presented at the First scientific conference for medical and health, Baghdad, Iraq.

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Authors
Abdel Rahman, M. M. I.
ORCID
Abdel Rahman, Mona Mohammed I.
Venue
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2020-06-01
Volume
9
Issue
1
ISSN
  • 2314-8535 (ISSN-L)
  • 2314-8543
DOI
10.1186/s43088-020-00046-y
OpenAlex
W3033655184
Cited by
6
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1
FWCI
0.03
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Greater South Information System
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Nematode management and characterization studies
Keywords
Setaria equina, donkeys, filarial nematodes, microfilariae, adult worm morphology, scanning electron microscopy, 12S rRNA, phylogenetic analysis, species identification, prevalence, peritoneal cavity

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