The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Nutrients and their role in host resistance to infection
Abstract
Almost all nutrients in the diet play a crucial role in maintaining an “optimal” immune response, such that deficient and excessive intakes can have negative consequences on immune status and susceptibility to a variety of pathogens. Iron and vitamin A deficiencies and protein-energy malnutrition are highly prevalent worldwide and are important to the public health in terms of immunocompetence. There are also nutrients (i.e., glutamine, arginine, fatty acids, vitamin E) that provide additional benefits to immunocompromised persons or patients who suffer from various infections. The remarkable advances in immunology of recent decades have provided insights into the mechanisms responsible for the effects of various nutrients in the diet on specific functions in immune cells. In this review, we will present evidence and proposed mechanisms for the importance of a small group of nutrients that have been demonstrated to affect host resistance to infection will be presented. An inadequate status of some of these nutrients occurs in many populations in the world (i.e., vitamin A, iron, and zinc) where infectious disease is a major health concern. We will also review nutrients that may specifically modulate host defense to infectious pathogens (long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids, vitamin E, vitamin C, selenium, and nucleotides). A detailed review of the effect of long-chain polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids on host defense is provided as an example of how the disciplines of nutrition and immunology have been combined to identify key mechanisms and propose nutrient-directed management of immune-related syndromes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Zinc and immune function: the biological basis of altered resistance to infection
Shankar, A. H., & Prasad, A. S. (1998) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/68.2.447s · Cited by 1,606
Molecular recognition of fatty acids by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
Xu, H. E., Lambert, M. H., Montana, V. G., Parks, D. J., Blanchard, S. G., Brown, P. J., Sternbach, D. D., Lehmann, J. M., Wisely, G. B., Willson, T. M., et al. (1999) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80467-0 · Cited by 1,169
Bhutta, Z. A., Black, R. E., Brown, K. H., Gardner, J. M., Gore, S., Hidayat, A., Khatun, F., Martorell, R., Ninh, N. X., Penny, M. E., et al. (1999) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(99)70086-7 · Cited by 731
Sazawal, S., Black, R. E., Jalla, S., Mazumdar, S., Sinha, A., & Bhan, M. K. (1998) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.102.1.1 · Cited by 543
Zinc Supplementation in Young Children with Acute Diarrhea in India
Sazawal, S., Black, R. E., Bhan, M. K., Bhandari, N., Sinha, A., & Jalla, S. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199509283331304 · Cited by 383
Beck, F. W., Prasad, A. S., Kaplan, J., Fitzgerald, J. T., & Brewer, G. J. (1997) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1997.272.6.e1002 · Cited by 345
Serum thymulin in human zinc deficiency
Prasad, A. S., Meftah, S., Abdallah, J., Kaplan, J., Brewer, G. J., Bach, J. F., & Dardenne, M. (1988) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci113717 · Cited by 335
Cited by
Amino acids: Metabolism, functions, and nutrition
Wu, G. (2009) · Amino Acids · doi:10.1007/s00726-009-0269-0 · Cited by 3,004
Contribution of Selected Vitamins and Trace Elements to Immune Function
Wintergerst, E. S., Maggini, S., & Hornig, D. H. (2007) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000107673 · Cited by 692
Cancer and Mediterranean Diet: A Review
Mentella, M. C., Scaldaferri, F., Ricci, C., Gasbarrini, A., & Miggiano, G. A. D. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11092059 · Cited by 478
Immune response in COVID-19: A review
Chowdhury, M. A., Hossain, N., Kashem, M. A., Shahid, M. A., & Alam, A. (2020) · Journal of Infection and Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.07.001 · Cited by 445
Crucian, B. E., Choukèr, A., Simpson, R. J., Mehta, S., Marshall, G., Smith, S. M., Zwart, S. R., Heer, M., Ponomarev, S., Whitmire, A., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01437 · Cited by 421
Metadata
- Authors
- Field, C. J., Johnson, I. R., & Schley, P. D.
- Venue
- Journal of Leukocyte Biology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2002-01-01
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 16-32
- ISSN
- 0741-5400 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-3673
- OpenAlex
- W2156481361
- Cited by
- 431
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 16.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Nutrients and their role in host resistance to infection. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1189/jlb.71.1.16
- The paper
- Field, C. J., Johnson, I. R., & Schley, P. D. (2002). Nutrients and their role in host resistance to infection. Journal of Leukocyte Biology. https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.71.1.16
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
