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Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE): Development, validity and reliability

Open access
Reynolds, Tom, Thornicroft, Graham, Abas, Melanie, Woods, Bob, Hoe, Juanita, Leese, Morven, Orrell, Martin·2000·British Journal of Psychiatry

Abstract

Background: There exists no instrument specifically designed to measure comprehensively the needs of older people with mental disorders. Aim: To develop such an instrument which would take account of patients', staff and carers' views on needs. Method: Following an extensive development process, the assessment instrument was subjected to a test–retest and interrater reliability study, while aspects of validity were addressed both during development and with data provided by sites in the UK, Sweden and the USA. Results: The Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE) comprises 24 items (plus two items for carer needs), and records staff, carer and patient views. It has good content, construct and consensual validity. It also demonstrates appropriate criterion validity. Reliability is generally very high: κ > 0.85 for all staff ratings of interrater reliability. Correlations of interrater and test–retest reliability of total numbers of needs identified by staff were 0.99 and 0.93, respectively. Conclusions: The psychometric properties of the CANE seem to be highly acceptable. It was easily used by a wide range of professionals without formal training.

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Metadata

Authors
Reynolds, T., Thornicroft, G., Abas, M., Woods, B., Hoe, J., Leese, M., & Orrell, M.
Venue
British Journal of Psychiatry
Published
2000-05
Volume
176
Issue
5
Pages
444-452
ISSN
  • 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
  • 1472-1465
OpenAlex
W2074876404
Cited by
359
References
3
FWCI
4.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE): Development, validity and reliability. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1192/bjp.176.5.444
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Reynolds, T., Thornicroft, G., Abas, M., Woods, B., Hoe, J., Leese, M., & Orrell, M. (2000). Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly (CANE): Development, validity and reliability. British Journal of Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.176.5.444

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.