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The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS): Conceptual and Theoretical Foundations
Abstract
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) was the first instrument developed in order to provide for comprehensive assessment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia (Andreasen, 1982, 1983). It consists of five scales that evaluate five different aspects of negative symptoms: alogia, affective blunting, avolition-apathy, anhedonia-asociality, and attentional impairment. Each of these negative symptoms can be rated globally, but in addition detailed observations are made in order to achieve the global rating. It is complemented by a Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), which permits detailed evaluation and global ratings of hallucinations, delusions, positive formal thought disorder and bizarre behaviour (Andreasen, 1984). Taken together, the two scales provide a comprehensive set of rating scales in order to measure the symptoms of schizophrenia and to assess their change over time.
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Andreasen, N. C. (1979) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1979.01780120045006 · Cited by 746
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Kirkpatrick, B., Strauss, G. P., Nguyen, L., Fischer, B. A., Daniel, D. G., Cienfuegos, A., & Marder, S. R. (2011) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq059 · Cited by 895
Correll, C. U., & Schooler, N. R. (2020) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s225643 · Cited by 911
Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Methods, Meanings, and Mechanisms
Andreasen, N. C. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950170015003 · Cited by 734
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Dieterich, M., Irving, C. B., Park, B., & Marshall, M. (2010) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007906.pub2 · Cited by 490
Amisulpride, an Unusual “Atypical” Antipsychotic: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
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Metadata
- Authors
- Andreasen, N. C.
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 1989-11
- Volume
- 155
- Issue
- S7
- Pages
- 49-52
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2399624761
- Cited by
- 1,530
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
