Cited by 100Electromagnetic Fields and Biological EffectsMicrobial Inactivation MethodsEffects of Radiation Exposure

Cell Injury by Electric Forces

LEE, RAPHAEL C.·2006·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Abstract

A bstract: The molecular architecture of biological systems is heavily influenced by the highly polar interactions of water. Thus, macromolecules such as proteins that are highly water soluble must be electrically polar. Energy generation methods needed to support cell metabolic processes depend on compartmentalizing mobile ions and thus require electrical ion transport barriers such as membranes. One consequence of these biological design constraints is vulnerability to injury by electrical forces. Supraphysiological electric forces cause damage to cells and tissues by disrupting cell membranes and altering the conformation of biomolecules. In addition, prolonged passage of electrical current leads to damage by thermal mechanisms. This review will focus on the non‐thermal effects.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1196/annals.1363.007

Cites

27 of 27 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
LEE, R. C.
Affiliations
University of Chicago (US)
Corresponding author
LEE, RAPHAEL C.
Venue
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2006-03
Volume
1066
Issue
1
Pages
85-91
ISSN
  • 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
  • 1749-6632
OpenAlex
W2168647633
Cited by
100
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
FWCI
2.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM064757, R01 GM64757, R01 GM61101, R01GM061101)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Electromagnetic Fields and Biological Effects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Microbial Inactivation Methods
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
Keywords
electric force, cell damage, electric current, cell membrane damage, biomolecule conformation, water polarity, thermal damage, electroporation
MeSH terms
Cell Membrane, Cells, Electricity, Humans, Membrane Proteins, Protein Denaturation, Electroporation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review