The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Enrollment of Racial Minorities in Clinical Trials: Old Problem Assumes New Urgency in the Age of Immunotherapy
Abstract
Minority U.S. populations are underrepresented in cancer clinical trials. This review appraises the impact of the disparity in clinical trial participation by minority patients in the current era of cancer immunotherapy. Enrollment on pivotal trials leading to U.S. regulatory approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors showed poor representation of minority ethnic groups. Specifically, we found that black patients constitute less than 4% of all patients enrolled across multiple trials that supported the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of lung cancer. Similar underrepresentation was observed for trials conducted in renal cell carcinoma and other tumor types. Since efficacy of immunotherapy is only observed in a subset of patients, the use of predictive biomarkers to identify responders along with new strategies to expand the benefit to a larger subset of patients are current areas of active investigation. The inadequate representation of minority patients on immunotherapy clinical trials could perpetuate outcome disparity because the unique biology of the host and the tumors from this subpopulation is not accounted for as new treatment algorithms to guide optimal use of immunotherapy are developed for use in the real world.
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Cites
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Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab or Monotherapy in Untreated Melanoma
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Self-citationNivolumab versus Everolimus in Advanced Renal-Cell Carcinoma
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Genomics is failing on diversity
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Cited by
Cancer statistics for African American/Black People 2022
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nazha, B., Mishra, M., Pentz, R., & Owonikoko, T. K.
- Venue
- American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book
- Published
- 2019-05
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 39
- Pages
- 3-10
- ISSN
- 1548-8748 (ISSN-L)
- 1548-8756
- OpenAlex
- W2946614049
- Cited by
- 257
- References
- 46
- FWCI
- 26.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Nazha, B., Mishra, M., Pentz, R., & Owonikoko, T. K. (2019). Enrollment of Racial Minorities in Clinical Trials: Old Problem Assumes New Urgency in the Age of Immunotherapy. American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book. https://doi.org/10.1200/edbk_100021
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
