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Randomized Phase III Trial of Ibrutinib and Rituximab Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone in Non–Germinal Center B-Cell Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Open access
Younes, Anas, Sehn, Laurie H., Johnson, Peter, Zinzani, Pier Luigi, Hong, Xiaonan, Zhu, Jun, Patti, Caterina, Belada, David, Samoilova, Olga, Suh, Cheolwon, Leppä, Sirpa, Rai, Shinya, Turgut, Mehmet, Jurczak, Wojciech, Cheung, Matthew C., Gurion, Ronit, Yeh, Su-Peng, Lopez-Hernandez, Andres, Dührsen, Ulrich, Thieblemont, Catherine, Chiattone, Carlos Sergio, Balasubramanian, Sriram, Carey, Jodi, Liu, Grace, Shreeve, S. Martin, Sun, Steven, Zhuang, Sen Hong, Vermeulen, Jessica, Staudt, Louis M., Wilson, Wyndham, on behalf of the PHOENIX investigators·2019·Journal of Clinical Oncology

Abstract

PURPOSE: Ibrutinib has shown activity in non–germinal center B-cell diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This double-blind phase III study evaluated ibrutinib and rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) in untreated non–germinal center B-cell DLBCL. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were randomly assigned at a one-to-one ratio to ibrutinib (560 mg per day orally) plus R-CHOP or placebo plus R-CHOP. The primary end point was event-free survival (EFS) in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population and the activated B-cell (ABC) DLBCL subgroup. Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS: A total of 838 patients were randomly assigned to ibrutinib plus R-CHOP (n = 419) or placebo plus R-CHOP (n = 419). Median age was 62.0 years; 75.9% of evaluable patients had ABC subtype disease, and baseline characteristics were balanced. Ibrutinib plus R-CHOP did not improve EFS in the ITT (hazard ratio [HR], 0.934) or ABC (HR, 0.949) population. A preplanned analysis showed a significant interaction between treatment and age. In patients age younger than 60 years, ibrutinib plus R-CHOP improved EFS (HR, 0.579), PFS (HR, 0.556), and OS (HR, 0.330) and slightly increased serious adverse events (35.7% v 28.6%), but the proportion of patients receiving at least six cycles of R-CHOP was similar between treatment arms (92.9% v 93.0%). In patients age 60 years or older, ibrutinib plus R-CHOP worsened EFS, PFS, and OS, increased serious adverse events (63.4% v 38.2%), and decreased the proportion of patients receiving at least six cycles of R-CHOP (73.7% v 88.8%). CONCLUSION: The study did not meet its primary end point in the ITT or ABC population. However, in patients age younger than 60 years, ibrutinib plus R-CHOP improved EFS, PFS, and OS with manageable safety. In patients age 60 years or older, ibrutinib plus R-CHOP was associated with increased toxicity, leading to compromised R-CHOP administration and worse outcomes. Further investigation is warranted.

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Metadata

Authors
Younes, A., Sehn, L. H., Johnson, P., Zinzani, P. L., Hong, X., Zhu, J., Patti, C., Belada, D., Samoilova, O., Suh, C., Leppä, S., Rai, S., Turgut, M., Jurczak, W., Cheung, M. C., Gurion, R., Yeh, S.-P., Lopez-Hernandez, A., Dührsen, U., Thieblemont, C., Chiattone, C. S., Balasubramanian, S., Carey, J., Liu, G., Shreeve, S. M., Sun, S., Zhuang, S. H., Vermeulen, J., Staudt, L. M., Wilson, W., & on behalf of the PHOENIX investigators
Venue
Journal of Clinical Oncology
Published
2019-05-20
Volume
37
Issue
15
Pages
1285-1295
ISSN
  • 0732-183X (ISSN-L)
  • 1527-7755
OpenAlex
W2923453543
Cited by
608
References
18
FWCI
46.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Randomized Phase III Trial of Ibrutinib and Rituximab Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone in Non–Germinal Center B-Cell Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1200/jco.18.02403
The paper
Younes, A., Sehn, L. H., Johnson, P., Zinzani, P. L., Hong, X., Zhu, J., Patti, C., Belada, D., Samoilova, O., Suh, C., Leppä, S., Rai, S., Turgut, M., Jurczak, W., Cheung, M. C., Gurion, R., Yeh, S.-P., Lopez-Hernandez, A., Dührsen, U., . . . on behalf of the PHOENIX investigators. (2019). Randomized Phase III Trial of Ibrutinib and Rituximab Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone in Non–Germinal Center B-Cell Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Journal of Clinical Oncology. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.18.02403

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.