Conventional and the Recent Advances in Technologies for the Production of Different Generations of Biofuels

Abstract

The requirement for and use of fossil fuels has risen accordingly because of increasing human activity in the industry and daily transport, leading to serious environmental problems resulting from a sustainable and renewable source of energy needed to preserve mother nature. In recent decades, research on biofuel or fuel obtained from biomass and living materials increased exponentially because that can be harvested multiple times. This chapter discusses biofuel generations with conventional and advanced production technologies in recent years. Production and usage of biofuels reduce dependency on fossil fuels. A review of the literature revealed that energy crops and microalgae might provide the most efficient and appealing biofuels. Recent advances in genetic engineering for biofuels provide more economic potential. However, biofuels in large quantities are still a challenging task for researchers. Also, biofuel technology is too expensive for many countries; hence more research is needed for the low-cost production of biofuels.