Automation and Human Performance: Theory and Applications

Abstract

The revolution ushered in by the digital computer in the latter half of this century has transformed many of the characteristics of work, leisure, and travel for most people throughout the world. Even more radical changes are anticipated in the next century as computers increase in power, speed, availability, flexibility, and in that elusive concept known as “intelligence.” Only a neo-Luddite would want to enter the 21st century without the capabilities that the new computer tools provide; and perhaps even a latter-day Thoreau would not wish to trade in his word processor for pen and paper. And, yet, although we have become accustomed to the rise of computers and as consumers demanded that they perform even greater feats, many have felt a sense of unease at the growth of computerization and automation in the workplace and in the home. Although there are several aspects to this disquiet (see Hancock, chap. 22, this volume), there is one overriding concern: Who will watch the computers?