Development of response-monitoring ERPs in 7-to 25-year-olds
Abstract
In a target discrimination task, trials with incorrect responses elicit event-related potentials (ERPs) that include an error-related negativity (ERN or Ne) and a later error-positivity (Pe). Substantial evidence points to the anterior cingulate cortex as the source generator of the ERN. We examined the development of ERP component morphology, amplitude and latency to processing of correct and incorrect responses in 124 children, 7 to 18 years of age, and 27 adults, 19 through 25 years of age. The ERN and Pe were recorded during a standard 480-trial visual flanker task. As expected, response times decreased significantly with age. The ERN amplitude in error trials increased with age, although this was qualified by a nonlinear change as well. The Pe amplitude did not change with age. In correct trials, most participants produced a small negativity corresponding to the timing of the ERN in error trials. This correct-response negativity (CRN) amplitude was larger in children than in adults. Results are discussed with respect to continued maturation of the anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex into young adulthood.
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The effects of response type emerged as early as 180 ms before the response, which has also been observed in previous developmental studies.
“the effects of response type emerged as early as 180 ms before the response, which has also been observed in previous developmental studies (although not explicitly mentioned in the text: Davies et al., 2004; Santesso et al., 2006).”
From Error and feedback processing in children with ADHD and children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: An EEG event-related potential study (2008) · cites this paper as Davies et al., 2004
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References 52 · Cited by 339
- Authors
- Davies, P. L., Segalowitz, S. J., & Gavin, W. J.
- Affiliations
- Colorado State University (US)
- Venue
- Developmental Neuropsychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2004-06
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 355-376
- ISSN
- 1532-6942 (ISSN-L)
- 8756-5641
- OpenAlex
- W2032011484
- Cited by
- 339
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 6.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Neuropsychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (1 K01 HD01201-01A1, K01HD001201)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Free Will and Agency
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Keywords
- error-related negativity, error positivity, correct response negativity, response monitoring, anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex maturation, cognitive development, age differences, children and adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Child, Electroencephalography, Electrooculography, Evoked Potentials, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Human Development, Male, Monitoring, Physiologic, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Sex Factors
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