Cited by 1,000Optimism, Hope, and Well-beingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesStudent Stress and Coping

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 94 of the 94 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Dispositional Optimism and Coping: A Meta-Analytic Review

Nes, Lise Solberg, Segerstrom, Suzanne C.·2006·Personality and Social Psychology Review

DOI 10.1207/s15327957pspr1003_3

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The relation between dispositional optimism and better adjustment to diverse stressors may be attributable to optimism's effects on coping strategies. A meta-analytic review ( K = 50, N = 11,629) examined the impact of dispositional optimism on coping. Dispositional optimism was found to be positively associated with approach coping strategies aiming to eliminate, reduce, or manage stressors or emotions ( r = .17), and negatively associated with avoidance coping strategies seeking to ignore, avoid, or withdraw from stressors or emotions ( r = -.21). Effect sizes were larger for the distinction between approach and avoidance coping strategies than for that between problem and emotion-focused coping. Meta-analytic findings also indicate that optimists may adjust their coping strategies to meet the demands of the stressors at hand, and that the optimism-coping relationship is strongest in English-speaking samples.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1207/s15327957pspr1003_3

Cites

94 of 94 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences
Muller, K. E., & Cohen, J. (1989) · Technometrics · doi:10.2307/1270020 · Cited by 99,603
Stress, appraisal, and coping
Eysenck, H. J. (1985) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(85)90087-7 · Cited by 32,038
Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach.
Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. (1989) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.56.2.267 · Cited by 11,507
Untitled work
(2000) · Cited by 9,198
Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test.
Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-3514.67.6.1063 · Cited by 7,456
Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies.
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.219 · Cited by 6,690
An Analysis of Coping in a Middle-Aged Community Sample
Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2136617 · Cited by 6,361
If it changes it must be a process: study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination
Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1985) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.48.1.150 · Cited by 4,845
Meta-Analytic Procedures for Social Research
Rosenthal, R. (1991) · doi:10.4135/9781412984997 · Cited by 4,635
On the Self-Regulation of Behavior
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1998) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139174794 · Cited by 4,110

Show all 90 references

Research works printed but not linked: 8

10.1037/0022-3514.82.1.102 · DOI · Paper page
Fry, P. S., 1995, Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 121, 211
10.1037/0022-3514.67.6.1063 · DOI · Paper page
10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1024 · DOI · Paper page
10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1257 · DOI
10.1037/0022-3514.56.4.640 · DOI
10.1037/0022-3514.66.2.350 · DOI
Triandis, H. C., 1994, Culture and social behaviors

Sorted by citations

Items 801–900 of 999

Optimism, Pessimism, and Health
Garcia, R. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_973 · Cited by 1
Optimism
Schütz, A., Schall, M., & Koydemir, S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_706 · Cited by 1
Optimism-Pessimism, Dispositional
Daukantaité, D. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_761 · Cited by 1
Általános és középiskolai tanulók jóllétének pozitív pszichológiai aspektusa
Hamvai, C. (2014) · SZTE Repository of Dissertations (University of Szeged) · doi:10.14232/phd.2485 · Cited by 1
A cross-sectional analysis from the PAC-19QoLReg on the association between Quality of Life (QoL) of long COVID-19 patients and their disease durationPreprint
Jandhyala, R., & Lin, Y. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1619104/v2 · Cited by 1
Cyberbullying victimization and depression among children: Self-perceived social competence as a mediator and optimism as a moderatorPreprint
Song, K., Zhou, F., Niu, G., Fan, C., & Zhou, Z. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3409170/v1 · Cited by 1
Optimism is Prospectively Associated with Adaptation During the Covid-19 PandemicPreprint
Oh, J., Tetreau, E. N., Purol, M. F., Kim, E. S., & Chopik, W. J. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4775235 · Cited by 1
Positive Psychotherapy Inventory
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.005.0003 · Cited by 1
Bien-être et résilience en temps de crise : le rôle du protecteur des ressources psychologiques et l'expérience du soi décentré
Pellerin, N. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/a71cb8c1z354cz4dfaza3bdz1d81c8e88283 · Cited by 1
The potential utility of Daoist theory and practice in psychology
Cott, C. (2012)
On the digital road to recovery? Assessment, theory, and treatment of depression via the internet
de Graaf, L. E. (2009) · Research Publications (Maastricht University) · doi:10.26481/dis.20091023lg
The effects of optimism, coping strategies, and the sport team environment on college athlete adjustment
Haskell, B. C. (2008) · The University of North Carolina at Greensboro eBooks
Optimism and achievement: A domain-specific and within-construct investigation
Toor, S. F. (2009)
L'effet nocebo : étude préliminaire descriptive chez des patients hospitalisés en néphrologie
Planès, S. (2014) · HAL
The roles of reinforcement sensitivity and cognitive appraisals in predicting coping strategies
Williams, A. M. (2012) · NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)
En studie om interaktioner mellan stress, copingstrategier, optimism och pessimism bland anställda
Nima, A. A. (2011) · Lund University Publications Student Papers (Lund University)
What Makes a High-risk Athlete? A Quantitative study of the Individual Differences of High-risk and Low-risk Athletes
O'Kelly, O. (2015) · TRAP@NCI (National College of Ireland)
Perceptions of Community Safety: Exposure to Community Violence in a Low Risk Australian Population
Anderson, S., & Kidd, G. (2014) · ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University)
Prehabilitation for total knee arthroplasty: A patient-centred approach to maximizing surgical outcomes
McKay, C. D. (2011) · Scholarship@Western (Western University)
I bisogni delle vittime del crimine: proposta per un modello esplicativo
Giannini, A. M., & Tizzani, E. (2009) · CNR SOLAR (Scientific Open-access Literature Archive and Repository) (University of Southampton)
THE MAXIM OF SUICIDE: ONE ANGLE ON BIOMEDICAL ETHICS
Kaneko, Y. (2012) · PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation)
Understanding Meaning and Existence: Toward the Development of a Measure of Existential Authenticity
Carmody, P. C. (2013)
A SUICIDE PREVENTION APPROACH: EXPANDING ONE’S TIME PERSPECTIVE
Chin, J. (2011) · QSpace (Queen's University Library)
Wise optimism and well-being: are optimistic predictions always best?
Andrews, S. E. (2011)
The Effect of Season Performance on Male and Female Track and Field Athletes’ Self-identity
Bradstreet, T. C. (2013) · doi:10.12794/metadc500120
Analysis of the temporal model of perceived control in response to an imagined traumatic event: investigation of the measurement model and the relationships among temporal orientations and individual characteristics
Williamson, D. (2015) · Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) · doi:10.25916/sut.26273635
Optimismo, estrategia de afrontamiento, afectividad y satisfacción en la vida en atletas adolescentes de rendimiento
García-Naveira, A. (2015) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México)
The mediating role of optimism on the relationship between experience of and reaction to stressful academic experiences
Fatemeh, T., Shokri, O., & Shahidi, S. (2013)
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN DIVERSE POPULATIONS: THEORY TO
Diehl, C. (2010)
The Distinctive Characteristics of Pure Optimists and Pure Pessimists
Kim, J. Y., & Lee, D. (2009) · Korea Journal of Counseling · doi:10.15703/kjc.10.4.200912.1929
Esperança, perceção geral de saúde, dimensões da depressão e expectativas profissionais em jovens do ensino superior
Martins, A. C. E. (2016) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)
Positive Effect of Positive Psychological Factors to the coping of Chronic Life-threatening Illnesses: Evidence, Controversies and Suggestion
Qiong, L. I., Huang, X., & Yin, K. (2013) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2012.01663
Dark Horse Running: The Role of Affect in Goal Pursuit and Goal Termination among Pessimists
Wellman, J. A. (2010) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)
Perfiles psicológicos vinculados a la ansiedad escénica entre diferentes conservatorios superiores de música españoles
Alzugaray, F. J. Z., Casanova, Ó., & Hernández, S. O. (2016) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)
Effects of Sex and Disposition on Cardiovascular Reactivity and Recovery
Erwin, T. E. (2009)
Investigating the Moderating Effects of Optisism, Hope, and Gratitude on the Relationship Among Negative Life Events and Psychological Distress and Life Satisfaction
Güngör, A. (2016) · Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research
RESEARCH ARTICLE The benefits of self-compassion and optimism exercises for individuals vulnerable to depression
Shapira, L. B., & Mongrain, M. (2010)
“Strategically wrong”: bias and argumentation
Yáñéz, C. S. (2016)
Impl I canc I a para la ps I cología clín I ca y ps I coterap I a
Vera-Villarroel, P., Córdova-Rubio, N., & Celis-Atenas, K. (2009)
The Research Status and Prospects of Optimism
杨, 玉. (2017) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2017.74060
Adaptive Self-Regulation across Older Adulthood:The Complementary Roles of Dispositional Optimism and Goal Disengagement
Jobin, J. (2016)
Dispositional Optimism, Psychophysiology, and Health
Segerstrom, S. C. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342819.013.0030
Self-citation
Expressions of Optimism Bias and "Self" Versus "Other" Perceived Controllability in the Context of Military-Related Risks
Lachica-Muschett, L. (2018)
The role of self-determination in dual processes of intrinsic motivation and health impairment : an empirical integration
Hornung, S. (2011) · PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)
Female Varsity Athletes’ Perceptions of The Development of Optimism
deBeaudrap, H. L. (2015) · ERA: Education and Research Archive (University of Alberta) · doi:10.7939/r36q1sn9q
Self-deception to deceive others
von Hippel, W., & Trivers, R. L. (2012)
Psychosocial Determinants of Breast Cancer Survival (A Study among Breast Cancer Patients)
Naaeder, M. (2014)
Engaño generalizado, pragmática y argumentación
Yáñéz, C. S. (2018) · Círculo de lingüística aplicada a la comunicación · doi:10.5209/clac.59070
Optimism and Pessimism
Norem, J. K. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/obo/9780199828340-0108 · Cited by 1
Obesity, an Overview
Andersen, J. R. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-17299-1_1981
Determinants of Health and Well-Being: Empirical Analysis with Different Groups of Eastern Uttar Pradesh
Dubey, A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-81-322-3782-2_3
Sessions, Practices, and the Therapeutic Process
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0006
The Centrality of Character Strengths and How to Use Them in Positive Psychotherapy
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0004
Positive Interventions and Theoretical Assumptions
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0002
Desarrollo y evaluación de la eficacia de un método para la generación de optimismo y productividad en los recursos humanos de las organizaciones
Redondo, L. M. (2018) · doi:10.5821/dissertation-2117-121014
Coping with Cancer
Kreitler, S. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-06126-5_9
The Push and Pull of Network Mobility: How Those High in Trait-Level Neuroticism Can Come to Occupy Peripheral Network Positions
Gladstone, E., O’Connor, K. M., & Taylor, W. (2019) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs9070069 · Cited by 1
Libro de Contribuciones de las II Jornadas de Investigación de la Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia de la Universidad de Málaga
Cano, P. L. C., Alba, D. M., Effinger, R. J., Sánchez, A. M., Reina, S., Barrios, M. T. C., & Berenguer, N. R. (2019) · UMA Editorial eBooks · doi:10.24310/mumaedmumaed.59
Deviations from rational beliefs : an investigation combining psychological and experimental economics approaches
van der Leer, L. (2015)
The Effect of Hopelessness and Perceived Group Compatibility on Treatment Outcome for Patients With Personality Dysfunction
Doorn, K. A., Kealy, D., Ehrenthal, J. C., Ogrodniczuk, J. S., Joyce, A. S., & Weber, R. K. (2020) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000001176
The positive feedback loop of optimism: implications for entrepreneurship education
Loi, M., Castriotta, M., & Guardo, M. C. D. (2017) · UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)
Personality Assessment Methods
Boyle, G. J., & Helmes, E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.011 · Cited by 1
Toward Behavioral Transaction Cost Economics and Beyond
Peng, G. Z. (2020) · International Marketing and Management Research · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46878-1_5
Personality and Intelligence
Schermer, J. A., & Saklofske, D. H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.014
Social Relations and Social Support
Austin, E. Q., Knack, J. M., Jensen‐Campbell, L. A., & Rex‐Lear, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.036
Coping styles as predictors of negative affective conditions in Asian Indians: does being optimistic still make a difference?
Rao, N. M., Yi, S., Yu, D., Husain, K., Sun, Y., Munawar, M., Hernandez, V., Kamble, S. V., & Chang, E. C. (2021) · The Journal of General Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221309.2020.1867495
KONTRIBUSI KEPEMIMPINAN VISIONER DAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP OPTIMISME GURU BIDANG STUDI BAHASA INGGRIS DI KECAMATAN TEBING TINGGI KEPULAUAN MERANTI RIAU
Ristanti, S. R. S., Natuna, D. A., & Azhar, F. (2019) · Jurnal JUMPED (Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan) · doi:10.31258/jmp.7.2.p.265-273
Coping Strategies as Predictors of Flourishing Among Targets of Workplace Bullying
Nel, E. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-70228-1_9
The role of hope in patients' use of cancer-related coping strategies
Belanger, J. J. (2021) · doi:10.32920/ryerson.14657682.v1
An Investigation of the Influence of Attributional Complexity, Intolerance, Optimism, and Experiential Avoidance on Personal Psychological Distress
Ergüder, L. (2020) · University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas) · doi:10.12794/metadc1707413
Resilience and frailty in older adults:from conceptual understanding to practical intervention
Garner, I. W. (2020) · Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University) · doi:10.48780/publications.aston.ac.uk.00042442
Optimism and Fear of Infection as Predictors of Observing Stay-at-Home Recommendations During COVID-19 Pandemic
Sychev, O. A., Гордеева, Т. О., Сергеевна, В. О., Dovger, M. A., & Grandchamp, V. A. T. (2021) · Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy · doi:10.17759/cpp.2021290303
Remembering for Relationships: Brief Cognitive-Reminiscence Therapy Improves Young Adults’ Perceptions About Self and Others in RelationshipsPreprint
Pilon, M., Hallford, D. J., Hardgrove, S., Sanam, M., Oliveira, S. S. D., Karantzas, G. C., & Duran, T. (2022) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/hdfsa
Pessimism
Garcia, R. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_976
Relationship-based moral judgments: A qualitative study
Mehdizadeh, M., Khosravi, Z., Noaparast, K. B., & Sabramiz, A. (2022) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515089.2022.2027357
General Introduction
Corr, P. J., & Matthews, G. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.002
Stressbewältigung und Persönlichkeit
Kohlmann, C., & Eschenbeck, H. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-49411-0_2-1
Stressbewältigung und Persönlichkeit
Kohlmann, C., & Eschenbeck, H. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-49411-0_2-2
Pessimism
Garcia, R. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_976
A cross-sectional analysis from the PAC-19QoLReg on the association between Quality of Life (QoL) of long COVID-19 patients and their disease durationPreprint
Jandhyala, R., & Lin, Y. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1619104/v1
Session Fifteen: Meaning and Purpose
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0021
Session Eleven: Slowness and Savoring
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0017
Optimism, Pessimism, and Health
Garcia, R. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_973
Pessimism
Schall, M., & Schütz, A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_722-1
Segerstrom, Suzanne
Nes, L. S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_341
Self-citation
Session Six: Forgiveness
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0012
Session Four: A Better Version of Me
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0010
Session Three: Practical Wisdom
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0009
Session Five: Open and Closed Memories
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0011
Sportoló serdülők egészségmagatartás-vizsgálata pedagógiai és pszichológiai szempontok alapján
Pinczés, T. (2015) · doi:10.14232/phd.2795
Session Ten: Posttraumatic Growth
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0016
Lemons into lemonade: Development and validation of an inventory to assess dispositional thriving
Beshai, S., Brancoa, L. D., & Dobson, K. S. (2013) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e528452013-007
Session Two: Character Strengths and Signature Strengths
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0008
Session Twelve: Positive Relationships
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0018
Pessimism
Schall, M., & Schütz, A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_722
Hope
ALTMAIER, E. M. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811975-4.00003-4
Session Nine: Hope and Optimism
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0015
Session Seven: Maximizing versus Satisficing
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0013
Session Fourteen: Altruism
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med-psych/9780195325386.003.0020
It Was the Best of Times, It Was the Worst of Times: Assessing the Buffering Effect of a Realistic Orientation on Relationship Satisfaction in Newly Cohabitating Couples
Frank, C. (2017) · doi:10.22215/etd/2017-11751

Authors: Nes, L. S., & Segerstrom, S. C.
Affiliations: University of Kentucky (US)
ORCID: Nes, Lise Solberg
Segerstrom, Suzanne C.
Venue: Personality and Social Psychology Review
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2006-08
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Pages: 235-251
ISSN: 1088-8683 (ISSN-L)
1532-7957
DOI: 10.1207/s15327957pspr1003_3
OpenAlex: W2003934122
Cited by: 1,000
References: 90
Citations by year: 2026: 25 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 76 · 2021: 76 · 2020: 107 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 58 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 52
FWCI: 2.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Personality and Social Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Optimism, Hope, and Well-being
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
Keywords: dispositional optimism, coping strategies, approach coping, avoidance coping, problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, stressors, psychological adjustment, language influence
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Psychological, Defense Mechanisms, Emotions, Humans, Internal-External Control, Set, Psychology, Stress, Psychological, Temperament

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Dispositional Optimism and Coping: A Meta-Analytic Review

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks