Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 591

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Simulation Study on Fit Indexes in CFA Based on Data With Slightly Distorted Simple Structure

Beauducel, Andre, Wittmann, Werner W.·2005·Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal

Abstract

Fit indexes were compared with respect to a specific type of model misspecification. Simple structure was violated with some secondary loadings that were present in the true models that were not specified in the estimated models. The c2 test, Comparative Fit Index, Goodness-of-Fit Index, Incremental Fit Index, Nonnormed Fit Index, root mean squared error of approximation, standardized root mean square residual, and the c2/df values were investigated. Simulated data sets with 3 sample sizes (250, 500, and 1,000 cases), 4 levels of main loadings (.40,. 50,. 60, and. 80), 2 numbers of factors (4, 8), and 2 types of association matrix (covariance, correlation) were the basis for maximum likelihood estimation of orthogonal and oblique factor models. Some correlations between fit indexes were low. Moreover, small distortions from simple structure did not lead to misfit in the RMSEA and SRMR, but they often led to misfit in the incremental fit indexes. This result may be of interest for research on personality traits, where small violations of simple structure are very common.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1207/s15328007sem1201_3

Cites

33 of 33 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 33 references

Cited by

See all 591

Metadata

Authors
Beauducel, A., & Wittmann, W. W.
Venue
Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal
Published
2005-01
Volume
12
Issue
1
Pages
41-75
ISSN
  • 1070-5511 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-8007
OpenAlex
W1971223956
Cited by
591
References
33
FWCI
28.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Simulation Study on Fit Indexes in CFA Based on Data With Slightly Distorted Simple Structure. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1207/s15328007sem1201_3
The paper
Beauducel, A., & Wittmann, W. W. (2005). Simulation Study on Fit Indexes in CFA Based on Data With Slightly Distorted Simple Structure. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1201_3

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.