The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Prospective Test of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression in Children
Abstract
Providing a developmental extension of the cognitive theories of depression, researchers and theorists have suggested that during early to middle childhood, attributional styles may mediate rather than moderate the association between negative life events and the development of depression. Within the context of the hopelessness theory of depression, we tested this hypothesis in a 6-month longitudinal study of 4th- and 5th-grade children. Using path analysis, we found support for the mediating role of attributional styles among both 4th and 5th graders. Supporting recent refinements in the hopelessness theory, the best fitting mediation model was one in which depressive symptoms exhibited reciprocal relations with the other variables. Specifically, attributional styles partially mediated the link between verbal victimization and residual change in depressive symptoms. In addition, initial depressive symptoms predicted negative changes in children's attributional styles and increases in verbal victimization across the follow-up. Contrary to our hypothesis, we also found support for the moderating role of attributional styles, although this was significant only among 5th graders.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations.
Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.7.4.422 · Cited by 11,335
Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation.
Abramson, L. Y., Seligman, M. E., & Teasdale, J. D. (1978) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.87.1.49 · Cited by 7,121
Hopelessness depression: A theory-based subtype of depression.
Abramson, L. Y., Metalsky, G. I., & Alloy, L. B. (1989) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037//0033-295x.96.2.358 · Cited by 3,722
Self-citationCole, D. A., & Maxwell, S. E. (2003) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.4.558 · Cited by 3,605
Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect
(1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.8.1132 · Cited by 3,577
Validity of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire in an Adolescent Psychiatric Population
BERNSTEIN, D. P., AHLUVALIA, T., POGGE, D., & HANDELSMAN, L. (1997) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199703000-00012 · Cited by 1,574
Generation of stress in the course of unipolar depression.
Hammen, C. (1991) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.100.4.555 · Cited by 1,446
Clarke, G. N., Hawkins, W., Murphy, M., Sheeber, L. B., Lewinsohn, P. M., & Seeley, J. R. (1995) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199503000-00016 · Cited by 672
A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of a School-Based Depression Prevention Program
Merry, S., McDOWELL, H., Wild, C. J., Bir, J., & Cunliffe, R. (2004) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200405000-00007 · Cited by 249 · cited 1×
“cally included children no younger than fifth grade with the majority focusing on older youth (e.g., Clarke et al., 1995; Jaycox, Reivich, Gillham, & Seligman, 1994; Merry, McDowell, Wild, Bir, & Cunliffe, 2004; Pattison & Lynd-Stevenson, 2001; Possel, Horn, Groen, & Hautzinger, 2004; Roberts, Kane, Thompson, Bishop,…”
Cited by
Comorbidity of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: 20 years after
Cummings, C. M., Caporino, N. E., & Kendall, P. C. (2014) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0034733 · Cited by 1,028
Understanding the psychology of bullying: Moving toward a social-ecological diathesis–stress model.
Swearer, S. M., & Hymel, S. (2015) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0038929 · Cited by 666
Gibb, B. E., Chelminski, I., & Zimmerman, M. (2007) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20238 · Cited by 388
Self-citationEmergence of attributional style and its relation to depressive symptoms.
Cole, D. A., Ciesla, J. A., Dallaire, D. H., Jacquez, F. M., Pineda, A. Q., LaGrange, B., Truss, A. E., Folmer, A. S., Tilghman-Osborne, C., & Felton, J. W. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.117.1.16 · Cited by 192
Hankin, B. L. (2008) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-008-9228-6 · Cited by 169
Metadata
- Authors
- Gibb, B. E., & Alloy, L. B.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2006-05
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 264-274
- ISSN
- 1537-4416 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-4424
- OpenAlex
- W1965270951
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 13.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: A Prospective Test of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression in Children. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1207/s15374424jccp3502_10
- The paper
- Gibb, B. E., & Alloy, L. B. (2006). A Prospective Test of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression in Children. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp3502_10
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
