Nanoemulsion for solubilization, stabilization, and in vitro release of pterostilbene for oral delivery
Open accessAbstract
Pterostilbene, being extracted from many plants, has significant biological activities in preventing cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases so as to have great potential applications in pharmaceutical fields. But the poor solubility and stability of pterostilbene strictly restrained its applications. As a good protection and oral delivery system, an optimal nanoemulsion for pterostilbene was developed by using low-energy emulsification method. Systematic pseudo-ternary phase diagrams have been studied in optimization of nanoemulsion formulations. The prepared pterostilbene nanoemulsion was characterized by transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform Raman spectrum, and laser droplet size analyzer. Nanoemulsion droplets are circular with smooth margin, and the mean size is 55.8 ± 10.5 nm. The results illustrated that the nanoemulsion as oral delivery system dramatically improved the stability and solubility of pterostilbene, and in vitro release of pterostilbene was significantly improved (96.5% in pH 3.6 buffer; 13.2% in pH 7.4 buffer) in comparison to the pterostilbene suspension (lower than 21.4% in pH 3.6 buffer; 2.6% in pH 7.4 buffer).
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Co-surfactants such as polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethanol and glycerine can be used for stabilization of nanoemulsions.
“Co-surfactants, such as polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethanol and glycerine can be used for the stabilization of NEs [45].”
From Nanoemulsions for “Nose-to-Brain” Drug Delivery (2019) · cites this paper as [45]
The Selection of Surfactant and Cosurfactant section lists ethanol, ethylene glycol, and 1,2-propylene glycol as candidates; the Discussions section selects ethanol for the formulation. Neither section supports polyethylene glycol or glycerine as stabilizing co-surfactants. The Discussions also reports that a formulation using 1,2-propylene glycol developed precipitation after 20 days, so the cited study does not establish stability for every substance listed. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- Zhang, Y., Shang, Z., Gao, C., Du, M., Xu, S., Song, H., & Liu, T.
- Affiliations
- Hebei University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Shang, Zhenhua
- Venue
- AAPS PharmSciTech
- Published
- 2014-05-15
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1000-1008
- ISSN
- 1530-9932 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4113613
- OpenAlex
- W1989051754
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 1.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- AAPS PharmSciTech (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Hebei University of Science and Technology
- Hebei University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Proteins in Food Systems
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Drug Discovery › Pharmacology and Nanomedicine Research
- Keywords
- pterostilbene, nanoemulsions, oral drug delivery, solubilization, drug stability, in vitro drug release, pseudo-ternary phase diagram, low-energy emulsification, poorly water-soluble drugs
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Biological Availability, Chemistry, Pharmaceutical, Drug Carriers, Drug Stability, Emulsions, Particle Size, Solubility, Stilbenes, Suspensions, Drug Delivery Systems, Nanoparticles, Drug Liberation
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