The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
On the Actions of the Growth Hormone-Releasing Hexapeptide, GHRP*
Abstract
GH-releasing peptide (His-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 or GHRP) releases GH by a unique and complementary dual site of action on the hypothalamus and pituitary. These effects are mediated via non-GH-releasing hormone (non-GHRH) and nonopiate receptors in rats. Select types of opiates are known to release GH by a hypothalamic site of action, and thus, the dermorphin heptapeptide and benzomorphan opiate agonist 2549 used in this study presumably act on the hypothalamus to release GH. Neither dermorphin nor 2549 released GH or augmented the GH responses of GHRP or GHRH in vitro by a direct pituitary action, while GHRH antiserum inhibited the GH response of both dermorphin and 2549 in vivo. Evidence indicates that these opiates and GHRP administered together synergistically release GH, demonstrating the independent action(s) of GHRP and the opiates. Present data indicate that one of the major differences in the actions of dermorphin, 2549, and GHRP is the inhibition of somatostatin (SRIF) release by the opiates but not by GHRP. Although the actions of dermorphin, 2549, and GHRP on GH release are GHRH dependent, release of endogenous GHRH does not explain how GH is released synergistically by the combination of these peptides. It is proposed that dermorphin/2549 synergistically release GH with GHRP or GHRH because these opiates inhibit SRIF release. Since the GHRP plus GHRH synergistic GH release was not explained by inhibition of SRIF or stimulation of GHRH, an alternative mechanism is proposed to explain how GHRP synergistically release GH in combination with GHRH. The complementary, rather dramatic synergistic interaction of GHRP, GHRH, and dermorphin or GHRP, GHRH, and 2549 in releasing GH again strongly supports the independent actions of these compounds.
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Cites
BOWERS, C. Y., MOMANY, F. A., REYNOLDS, G. A., & HONG, A. (1984) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-114-5-1537 · Cited by 654
Self-citationBOWERS, C. Y., REYNOLDS, G. A., DURHAM, D., BARRERA, C. M., PEZZOLI, S. S., THORNER, M. O., FORLONI, F., PINCHERA, A., & FAGLIA, G. (1990) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-70-4-975 · Cited by 316
Self-citationCHENG, R., CHAN, W. W.-S., BARRETO, A., CONVEY, E. M., & SMITH, R. G. (1989) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-124-6-2791 · Cited by 297
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Peptides which Release Growth Hormone in Vitro*
MOMANY, F. A., BOWERS, C. Y., REYNOLDS, G. A., CHANG, D., HONG, A., & NEWLANDER, K. (1981) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-108-1-31 · Cited by 210
Self-citationBOWERS, C. Y., MOMANY, F., REYNOLDS, G. A., CHANG, D., HONG, A., & CHANG, K. (1980) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-106-3-663 · Cited by 196
Self-citationMOMANY, F. A., BOWERS, C. Y., REYNOLDS, G. A., HONG, A., & NEWLANDER, K. (1984) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-114-5-1531 · Cited by 178
Self-citationCodd, E. E., Shu, A. Y. L., & Walker, R. F. (1989) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/0028-3908(89)90129-9 · Cited by 145
CLARK, R. G., Carlsson, L. M. S., Trojnar, J., & Robinson, I. C. A. F. (1989) · Journal of Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.1989.tb00112.x · Cited by 125
Ilson, B. E., Jorkasky, D. K., Curnow, R. T., & Stote, R. M. (1989) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-69-1-212 · Cited by 114
Badger, T. M., Millard, W. J., McCormick, G. F., Bowers, C. Y., & Martin, J. B. (1984) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-115-4-1432 · Cited by 106
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Cited by
Giustina, A., & Veldhuis, J. D. (1998) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.19.6.0353 · Cited by 1,253
Biological, Physiological, Pathophysiological, and Pharmacological Aspects of Ghrelin
van der Lely, A. J., Tschöp, M., Heiman, M. L., & Ghigo, E. (2004) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2002-0029 · Cited by 1,187
Central Effects of a Novel Acylated Peptide, Ghrelin, on Growth Hormone Release in Rats
Date, Y., Murakami, N., Kojima, M., Kuroiwa, T., Matsukura, S., Kangawa, K., & Nakazato, M. (2000) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3342 · Cited by 310
Guillaume, V, Magnan, E., Cataldi, M., Dutour, A., Sauze, N., Renard, M., Razafindraibe, H., Conte-Devolx, B., Deghenghi, R., & Lenaerts, V (1994) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.135.3.7915227 · Cited by 166
Fletcher, T. P., Thomas, G. B., & Clarke, I. J. (1996) · Domestic Animal Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/0739-7240(96)00017-3 · Cited by 62
Metadata
- Authors
- BOWERS, C. Y., SARTOR, A. O., REYNOLDS, G. A., & BADGER, T. M.
- Venue
- Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1991-04
- Volume
- 128
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2027-2035
- ISSN
- 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7170
- OpenAlex
- W2008771500
- Cited by
- 310
- References
- 15
- FWCI
- 11.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- BOWERS, C. Y., SARTOR, A. O., REYNOLDS, G. A., & BADGER, T. M. (1991). On the Actions of the Growth Hormone-Releasing Hexapeptide, GHRP*. Endocrinology. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo-128-4-2027
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
