Metabolic Effects of Short-Term Elevations of Plasma Cortisol Are More Pronounced in the Evening Than in the Morning
Abstract
To determine whether elevations of cortisol levels have more pronounced effects on glucose levels and insulin secretion in the evening (at the trough of the daily rhythm) or in the morning (at the peak of the rhythm), nine normal men each participated in four studies performed in random order. In all studies, endogenous cortisol levels were suppressed by metyrapone administration, and caloric intake was exclusively under the form of a constant glucose infusion. The daily cortisol elevation was restored by administration of hydrocortisone (or placebo) either at 0500 h or at 1700 h. In each study, plasma levels of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and cortisol were measured at 20-min intervals for 32 h. The initial effect of the hydrocortisone-induced cortisol pulse was a short-term inhibition of insulin secretion without concomitant glucose changes and was similar in the evening and in the morning. At both times of day, starting 4-6 h after hydrocortisone ingestion, glucose levels increased and remained higher than under placebo for at least 12 h. This delayed hyperglycemic effect was minimal in the morning but much more pronounced in the evening, when it was associated with robust increases in serum insulin and insulin secretion and with a 30% decrease in insulin clearance. Thus, elevations of evening cortisol levels could contribute to alterations in glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and insulin secretion.
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Mancilla, R., Krook, A., Schrauwen, P., & Hesselink, M. K. C. (2020) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22811 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Improved salivary cortisol rhythm with dual-release hydrocortisone
Ceccato, F., Selmin, E., Sabbadin, C., Costa, M. D., Antonelli, G., Plebani, M., Barbot, M., Betterle, C., Boscaro, M., & Scaroni, C. M. (2018) · Endocrine Connections · doi:10.1530/ec-18-0257 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Modified-Release Hydrocortisone: Is It Time to Change Clinical Practice?
Stewart, P. M. (2019) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/js.2019-00046 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Torres‐Farfan, C., Valenzuela, F. J., Ebensperger, R., Méndez, N., Campino, C., Richter, H. G., Valenzuela, G. J., & Serón‐Ferré, M. (2007) · American Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1002/ajp.20461 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Maguire, A. M., Ambler, G. R., Moore, B., McLean, M., Falleti, M. G., & Cowell, C. T. (2007) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2006-2558 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Liu, P. Y., Lawrence-Sidebottom, D., Piotrowska, K., Zhang, W., Iranmanesh, A., Auchus, R. J., Veldhuis, J. D., & Van Dongen, H. P. A. (2021) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab375 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
- Authors
- Plat, L.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 1999-09-01
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3082-3092
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4250515708
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- cortisol, circadian rhythm, metyrapone, insulin secretion, glucose tolerance, hyperglycemia, insulin clearance, C-peptide, glucose infusion, time of day, insulin sensitivity
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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