5α-Reductase Type 2 Is Constitutively Expressed in the Dermal Papilla and Connective Tissue Sheath of the Hair Follicle in Vivo But Not during Culture in Vitro 1
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that 5 alpha-reductase type 2 (5 alpha R2) rather than 5 alpha R1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of male-pattern baldness. To clarify the localization of the androgen receptor (AR), 5 alpha R1, and 5 alpha R2 in the hair follicle, we investigated the expression of the corresponding genes by RT-PCR using microdissected hair follicles. AR and 5 alpha R1 mRNAs were expressed in all portions of the hair follicle. By contrast, 5 alpha R2 mRNA was expressed only in mesenchymal portions that included the dermal papilla and connective tissue sheath, and hardly any was expressed in epithelial portions. The intensity of expression of these genes in each portion of the hair follicles did not differ between follicles from balding and nonbalding scalp. We also examined the expression of these genes in cultured fibroblasts derived from the dermal papilla and connective tissue sheath. Although expression of AR and 5 alpha R1 mRNAs was easily detected, there was no obvious expression of 5 alpha R2 mRNA in either type of cell. Type-specific inhibition of 5 alpha R activity by MK386 and MK906 confirmed these patterns of expression of 5 alpha R mRNA. Thus, the expression of 5 alpha R2 mRNA seems to be characteristic of freshly microdissected mesenchymal portions of the hair follicle, but such expression might not be maintained in culture.
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In skin, androgens act through androgen receptors to trigger signaling cascades.
“In skin, androgens mediate their effects through interaction with the androgen receptors (AR) triggering cascades of networks [91, 106, 187–189].”
From Steroidogenesis in the skin: Implications for local immune functions (2013) · cites this paper as [188]
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PATHOBIOLOGY OF ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA
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복분자 미숙과 추출물이 전립선암 세포주와 전립선비대 백서모델에 미치는 영향
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Effect of Oral Administration of Houttuynia Cordata Extract on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
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Skin bacteriota ameliorates androgenetic alopecia via harmonizing skin immuno inflammatory balance
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- Authors
- Asada, Y., Sonoda, T., Ojiro, M., Kurata, S., Sato, T., Ezaki, T., & Takayasu, S.
- Corresponding author
- Asada, Yuji
- ORCID
- Sato, Toshihiro
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2001-06
- Volume
- 86
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2875-2880
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2018268329
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Hair Growth and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Keywords
- 5α-reductase type 2, 5α-reductase type 1, androgen receptor, hair follicle, dermal papilla, connective tissue sheath, androgenetic alopecia, gene expression, mesenchymal cells, fibroblasts, androgen metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alopecia, Cells, Cultured, Connective Tissue, Connective Tissue Cells, Enzyme Inhibitors, Fibroblasts, Humans, Isoenzymes, Male, Middle Aged, Oxidoreductases, Receptors, Androgen, Reference Values, Scalp, Gene Expression, Hair Follicle, Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase
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