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Effect of epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs on male reproductive health
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Men with epilepsy have reduced fertility, and antiepileptic drugs may affect semen quality. Moreover, animal studies suggest that valproate (VPA) may be associated with testicular atrophy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate reproductive function in men with epilepsy. METHODS: Sixty men with epilepsy and 41 control men were evaluated for their reproductive health. Fifteen men were taking carbamazepine (CBZ) and 18 men oxcarbazepine (OXC) for partial epilepsy, and 27 men were taking VPA for generalized epilepsy. Reproductive hormones were assayed from serum samples, semen analysis and ultrasonography of the testicles were performed, and testicular volume was calculated. RESULTS: Men on CBZ had low serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations (p < 0.001), and men on VPA had high concentrations of serum androstenedione (p < 0.001). The frequency of morphologically abnormal sperm was higher among CBZ-treated (p < 0.01), OXC-treated (p < 0.05), and VPA-treated men (p < 0.01) than among the control men. Moreover, both CBZ and VPA were associated with poor motility of sperm (p < 0.05). In addition, the frequency of abnormally low sperm concentration was high in men on CBZ (p < 0.001), and the frequency of any sperm abnormality was high in men on VPA (p < 0.01). The VPA-treated men with abnormal sperm had smaller testicular volumes than the control men (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: CBZ, OXC, and VPA are associated with sperm abnormalities in men with epilepsy. In addition, VPA-treated men with generalized epilepsy who have abnormal sperm may have reduced testicular volume.
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Citations
Cited by
Enzyme induction with antiepileptic drugs: Cause for concern?
Brodie, M. J., Mintzer, S., Pack, A. M., Gidal, B. E., Vecht, C. J., & Schmidt, D. (2013) · Epilepsia · doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03671.x · Cited by 383
The impact of drugs on male fertility: a review
Semet, M., Paci, M., Saïas‐Magnan, J., Metzler‐Guillemain, C., Boissier, R., Lejeune, H., & Perrin, J. (2017) · Andrology · doi:10.1111/andr.12366 · Cited by 344
Interactions between antiepileptic drugs and hormones
Svalheim, S., Sveberg, L., Mochol, M., & Taubøll, E. (2015) · Seizure · doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2015.02.022 · Cited by 173
Christian, C. A., Reddy, D. S., Maguire, J., & Forcelli, P. A. (2020) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.119.017392 · Cited by 105
Hill, M., Zárubová, J., Marusič, P., Vrbíková, J., Velíková, M., Kancheva, R., Kancheva, L., Kubátová, J., Dušková, M., Zamrazilová, L., et al. (2010) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.06.003 · Cited by 23
Metadata
- Authors
- Isojärvi, J. I. T., Löfgren, E., Juntunen, K. S. T., Pakarinen, A. J., Päivänsalo, M., Rautakorpi, I., & Tuomivaara, L.
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 2004-01-27
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 247-253
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- OpenAlex
- W1968650667
- Cited by
- 237
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 12.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Isojärvi, J. I. T., Löfgren, E., Juntunen, K. S. T., Pakarinen, A. J., Päivänsalo, M., Rautakorpi, I., & Tuomivaara, L. (2004). Effect of epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs on male reproductive health. Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000098936.46730.64
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