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Reduced occipital GABA in Parkinson disease with visual hallucinations
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between visual hallucinations in Parkinson disease (PD) and levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the primary visual cortex. METHODS: We utilized magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate occipital GABA levels in 36 participants with PD, 19 with and 17 without complex visual hallucinations, together with 20 healthy controls without hallucinations. In addition, we acquired T1-weighted MRI, whole-brain fMRI during a visual task, and diffusion tensor imaging. RESULTS: = 0.016). Reduced gray matter in the hallucinations group was also observed in the anterior temporal lobe. Although there were widespread reductions in white matter integrity in the visual hallucinations group, this was no longer significant after controlling for cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that reduced levels of GABA are associated with visual hallucinations in PD and implicate changes to the ventral visual stream in the genesis of visual hallucinations. Modulation of visual cortical excitability through, for example, pharmacologic intervention, may be a promising treatment avenue to explore.
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“Lower GABA+/creatine in the ITG in PD-VH33 supports this view.”
From Deviations in effective connectivity explain different hallucination subtypes in Parkinson's disease psychosis (2026) · cites this paper as [33]
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Vignando, M., ffytche, D., Lewis, S. J. G., Lee, P. H., Chung, S. J., Weil, R. S., Hu, M. T., Mackay, C. E., Griffanti, L., Pins, D., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28087-0 · Cited by 42
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Visual mismatch negativity in Parkinson's psychosis and potential for testing treatment mechanisms
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Stampacchia, S., Bernasconi, F., Van De Ville, D., Amico, E., Pagonabarraga, J., Kulisevsky, J., & Blanke, O. (2025) · doi:10.1101/2025.04.17.649310 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Firbank, M. J., Parikh, J., Murphy, N., Killen, A., Allan, C. L., Collerton, D., Blamire, A. M., & Taylor, J.-P.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Firbank, Michael J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 2018-08-14
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- e675-e685
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- PMC
- PMC6105043
- OpenAlex
- W2806193904
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 6.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity) (cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/P032184/1, EP/L012189/1)
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, visual hallucinations, GABA, primary visual cortex, occipital cortex, ventral stream, cortical excitability, anterior temporal lobe, white matter integrity, gray matter reduction, neuroimaging
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition Disorders, Creatine, Female, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Hallucinations, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Occipital Lobe, Oxygen, Parkinson Disease, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Visual Acuity, White Matter, Gray Matter
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