The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A phase 2 multiple ascending dose trial of bapineuzumab in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Bapineuzumab, a humanized anti-amyloid-beta (Abeta) monoclonal antibody for the potential treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD), was evaluated in a multiple ascending dose, safety, and efficacy study in mild to moderate AD. METHODS: The study enrolled 234 patients, randomly assigned to IV bapineuzumab or placebo in 4 dose cohorts (0.15, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg). Patients received 6 infusions, 13 weeks apart, with final assessments at week 78. The prespecified primary efficacy analysis in the modified intent-to-treat population assumed linear decline and compared treatment differences within dose cohorts on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive and Disability Assessment for Dementia. Exploratory analyses combined dose cohorts and did not assume a specific pattern of decline. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in the primary efficacy analysis. Exploratory analyses showed potential treatment differences (p < 0.05, unadjusted for multiple comparisons) on cognitive and functional endpoints in study "completers" and APOE epsilon4 noncarriers. Reversible vasogenic edema, detected on brain MRI in 12/124 (9.7%) bapineuzumab-treated patients, was more frequent in higher dose groups and APOE epsilon4 carriers. Six vasogenic edema patients were asymptomatic; 6 experienced transient symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Primary efficacy outcomes in this phase 2 trial were not significant. Potential treatment differences in the exploratory analyses support further investigation of bapineuzumab in phase 3 with special attention to APOE epsilon4 carrier status. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: Due to varying doses and a lack of statistical precision, this Class II ascending dose trial provides insufficient evidence to support or refute a benefit of bapineuzumab.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Frequency of ARIA events and in particular ARIA-E was significantly higher among APOE ε4 allele carriers compared to non-carriers, making the APOE ε4 allele a risk factor for vascular complications of anti-Aβ immunotherapy [5, 8, 14, 15].”
From APOE Genotype Differentially Modulates Effects of Anti-Aβ, Passive Immunization in APP Transgenic Mice (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Frequency of ARIA events and in particular ARIA-E was significantly higher among APOE ε4 allele carriers compared to non-carriers, making the APOE ε4 allele a risk factor for vascular complications of anti-Aβ immunotherapy [5, 8, 14, 15].”
From APOE Genotype Differentially Modulates Effects of Anti-Aβ, Passive Immunization in APP Transgenic Mice (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Although clinical trials of the Aβ-directed mAb Bapinezumab showed no clear cognitive benefits in patients with mild to moderate AD [42], the results also indicated that APOE ε4 carrier status may limit the response to anti-Aβ passive immunization [43,44], as well as being associated with an increased rate of microbleeds and vasogenic edema [45].”
From Blocking the apoE/Aβ interaction ameliorates Aβ-related pathology in APOE ε2 and ε4 targeted replacement Alzheimer model mice (2014) · cites this paper as [44]
In the citing paper
“The greater incidence of these abnormalities with increasing bapineuzumab dose and number of APOEε4 alleles is consistent with phase 2 findings.11,13”
From Two Phase 3 Trials of Bapineuzumab in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer's Disease (2014) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“in phase II trials, the anti-Aβ antibody bapineuzumab reduced CSF phospho-tau levels in patients with AD182,183”
From Tau-targeting therapies for Alzheimer disease (2018) · cites this paper as [183]
In the citing paper
“In fact, there have been hints of some beneficial effects (clinical and biochemical) linked to human anti-Aβ immunotherapies (74-79).”
From Correlation of Alzheimer Disease Neuropathologic Changes With Cognitive Status: A Review of the Literature (2012) · cites this paper as [76]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 · Cited by 88,282
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817
McKhann, G., Drachman, D., Folstein, M., Katzman, R., Price, D., & Stadlan, E. M. (1984) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.34.7.939 · Cited by 27,915
The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR): Current version and scoring rules
Morris, J. C. (1993) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.43.11.2412-a · Cited by 9,882
A new rating scale for Alzheimer's disease
(1984) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.141.11.1356 · Cited by 4,175
Shankar, G. M., Li, S., Mehta, T. H., Garcia-Munoz, A., Shepardson, N. E., Smith, I., Brett, F. M., Farrell, M. A., Rowan, M. J., Lemere, C. A., et al. (2008) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1782 · Cited by 3,685
Bard, F., Cannon, C., Barbour, R., Burke, R.-L., Games, D., Grajeda, H., Guido, T., Hu, K., Huang, J., Johnson-Wood, K., et al. (2000) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/78682 · Cited by 2,012
Self-citationNeuropathology of human Alzheimer disease after immunization with amyloid-β peptide: a case report
Nicoll, J. A. R., Wilkinson, D., Holmes, C., Steart, P., Markham, H., & Weller, R. O. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm840 · Cited by 1,397
Strittmatter, W. J., Weisgraber, K. H., Huang, D. Y., Dong, L. M., Salvesen, G. S., Pericak-Vance, M., Schmechel, D., Saunders, A. M., Goldgaber, D., & Roses, A. D. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.17.8098 · Cited by 1,363
Subacute meningoencephalitis in a subset of patients with AD after Aβ42 immunization
Orgogozo, J.-M., Gilman, S., Dartigues, J.-F., Laurent, B., Puel, M., Kirby, L. C., Jouanny, P., Dubois, B., Eisner, L., Flitman, S., et al. (2003) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000073623.84147.a8 · Cited by 1,356
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–752 of 752
Okello, A. (2011) · Spiral (Imperial College London) · doi:10.25560/7110
Imaging Biomarkers in Clinical Trials
Liu, Y., & Waterton, J. C. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-43504-6_21
Approach for Alzheimer's Disease
Tian, H. (2014)
Memory decline and Aβ amyloid as markers of neurodegeneration in preclinical Alzheimer's disease
Lim, Y. Y. (2013) · Minerva Access (University of Melbourne)
Nitrate Chimeras: A New Class of Disease Modifying Agents for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
VandeVrede, L. A. (2014) · Figshare
Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Farooqui, A. A. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809937-7.00009-4
Enfermedad de Alzheimer: clínica y tratamiento
Grau‐Rivera, O., & Guix, J. L. M. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-84-9022-526-4.50029-8
Shakila, G., Meganathan, C., Sundaraganesan, N., & Saleem, H. (2019) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/1.5114592
A study of the global effects of Apolipoprotein E using lipidomics
Hawksworth, J. I. (2019) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)
Potential of Blood- and CSF-Based Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnostics
Goldwaser, E. L., & Nagele, R. G. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190634230.003.0016
Genomics of Alzheimer’s disease
Rosenberg, R. N., Lambracht‐Washington, D., Yu, G., & Xia, W. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813866-3.00001-1
Evaluation of Aging and Genetic Mutation Variants on Tauopathy
Tetlow, A. M. (2020) · Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)
Takalo, M. (2015) · UEF eRepo (University of Eastern Finland)
Current awareness in geriatric psychiatry
John Wiley & Sons, L. (2010) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.2395
Preclinical Longitudinal In Vivo Biomarker Platform for Alzheimer’s Disease Drug Discovery
Kang, M. S., Zimmer, E. R., Ottoy, J., Shin, M., Woo, M. S., Aliaga, A., Massarweh, G., Cuello, A. C., Gauthier, S. G., & Rosa‐Neto, P. (2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108975759.010
Grill, J. D., & Cummings, J. L. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139032445.022
Kraft, A. W., & Lee, J. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199794591.003.0064
Antiamyloid therapy of Alzheimer’s disease: origins, current state and prospects of development
Vorobev, S. V., Emelin, А. Y., Yanishevskij, S. N., Kostina, E. V., & Galaeva, A. A. (2022) · Neurology Bulletin · doi:10.17816/nb108278
Neuropharmacology in Alzheimer and Huntington Disease
Gupta, B., & Rohatgi, K. (2022) · BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks · doi:10.2174/9789815040913122010015
Harrison, C. H., Sakai, K., Johnston, D. A., Holmes, C., Boche, D., & Nicoll, J. A. R. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.12.08.22283144
Management of Alzheimer’s disease in the next ten years
Sani, I. (2023) · University of Toronto Medical Journal · doi:10.33137/utmj.v100i1.39014
Slikker, W., Wu, L., Xu, J., & Shafer, T. J. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824010-6.00048-4
Genomics of Alzheimer’s disease
Rosenberg, R. N., Lambracht‐Washington, D., Yu, G., & Xia, W. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-19176-3.00035-2
Erichsen, P. A. (2024) · Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin · doi:10.1097/fad.0000000000000077
Transforming Alzheimer's Treatment: Unveiling New Potential with Drug Repurposing Strategies
Mishra, A. S., Vasanthan, M. V. M., Ghosh, B., & Sivakumar, P. M. (2025) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0109298673341391241231054936
Amyloid- and Tau-Targeted Therapies in Alzheimer’s Disease
Rajic, A. J., Galasko, D. R., & Tuszynski, M. H. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-89307-0_17
Lope‐Piedrafita, S., Serra-Mir, G., Melón, P., Bonaterra‐Pastra, A., Hernández‐Guillamón, M., & Villegas, S. (2025) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom15111602 · Cited by 1
Amyloid β hypothesis in the development of therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease
Adeniji, A. O., Johnson, C., & Mody, V. V. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-30008-0.00020-x
Hur bra är våra läkemedel vid Alzheimers sjukdom och vad kan vi förvänta oss av morgondagens
Morén, L. (2012) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Spector, S. A. (2013) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-411464-7.00021-3
Emerging therapeutics and future insights into the pathobiology of Alzheimer’s disease
Ullah, S.-K. L. I. (2018) · International Journal of Biosciences (IJB) · doi:10.12692/ijb/12.2.231-246
Neuroimaging markers in clinical trials for pre-dementia stages of Alzheimer's disease
Cavedo, E. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/04f8d65dz4c15z4cebzbb7bz08189dec5d06
Etude préclinique et clinique de la phase précoce de la maladie d'Alzheimer
Epelbaum, S. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/ea81e5c2z5032z4474z9f96z59f62125a629
Li, Y., Zhao, Y., Yang, A., Wang, Y., Xin, J., Chen, Y., Xing, X., Liu, F., Yao, Z. G., Zhao, W. B., et al. (2026) · Alzheimer s & Dementia Diagnosis Assessment & Disease Monitoring · doi:10.1002/dad2.70348
A Narrative Review of Amyloid-β Monoclonal Antibodies for Alzheimer Disease
Caselli, R. J., Geldmacher, D., & Schilling, T. (2026) · The Neurologist · doi:10.1097/nrl.0000000000000679
Treatment Using Anti-Amyloid Antibodies for Alzheimer’s Disease
Chatterjee, S., Gayen, S., & Roy, S. (2026) · BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks · doi:10.2174/9798898815646126010012
Atri, A., Curiale, G. G., Aisen, P. S. S., Barakos, J. A., Purcell, D. D., Bracoud, L., Haeberlein, S. B., Grassi, C., Hughes, R., & Smirnakis, K. V. (2026) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/s12883-026-05097-9
Self-citationShawaqfeh, B., Hughes, C. M., McGuinness, B., & Barry, H. E. (2026) · International Journal of Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.1093/ijpp/riag107
Greenberg, S. M., Iadecola, C., Chou, S., Cogswell, P. M., Elkind, M. S. V., Hicks, W. J., Le, C., Levine, D. A., Lipton, R. B., Massimo, L. M., et al. (2026) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.125.048108
Beyond the Cochrane review: Re‐evaluating anti‐amyloid therapy in Alzheimer's disease
Bernath, M. M., Brosch, J. R., Saykin, A. J., Wilcock, D. M., Summanwar, D., & Willis, D. R. (2026) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.71769
Shaik, N. S., Balya, H., Ramamurthy, S., Pandiyan, B., Mart, E. J., & Gunturu, S. L. (2026) · Dementia & Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2025-0472
Zedde, M., Piazza, F., Boulouis, G., Bozzali, M., & Pascarella, R. (2026) · Brain Circulation · doi:10.4103/bc.bc_13_26
Surhan, A., Oad, J., Kumar, B., Memon, S. N., Essrani, C., Muhammad, F., Kashif, S. N., Abbas, S. M. I., Ameen, T. B., Sauleh, A., et al. (2026) · The Egyptian Journal of Neurology Psychiatry and Neurosurgery · doi:10.1186/s41983-026-01263-5
Yoon, S., Ahn, J., Kim, S., Kim, K., Kim, S. Y., An, S. K., Dong, G. N., Kim, Y. J., Kwak, K., Seo, S. W., et al. (2026) · Alzheimer s & Dementia Diagnosis Assessment & Disease Monitoring · doi:10.1002/dad2.70473
Guo, Y., Ji, Q., Yang, Y., Liang, M., & Wu, Z. (2026) · Clinical Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.1097/rlu.0000000000006726
BindingDB Entry 50045463: Novelß-amyloid aggregation inhibitors possessing a turn mimic.
BindingDB (2016) · UC San Diego · doi:10.7270/q2z89f36
Toly‐Ndour, C. (2012) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)
Essais thérapeutiques de phase I dans la maladie d’Alzheimer
Delrieu, J., Ousset, P., & Vellas, B. J. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-2-8178-0443-9_22
Metadata
- Authors
- Salloway, S., Sperling, R., Gilman, S., Fox, N. C., Blennow, K., Raskind, M., Sabbagh, M., Honig, L. S., Doody, R., van Dyck, C. H., Mulnard, R., Barakos, J., Gregg, K. M., Liu, E., Lieberburg, I., Schenk, D., Black, R., & Grundman, M.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- From the Butler Hospital (S.S.), Providence, RI; Brigham & Women's Hospital (R.S.), Boston, MA; University of Michigan (S.G.), Ann Arbor; UCL (N.C.F.), Institute of Neurology, London, UK; University of Göteborg (K.B.), Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden; VA Medical Center (M.R.), Seattle, WA; Cleo Roberts Center for Clinical Research/Sun Health Research Institute (M.S.), Sun City, AZ; Columbia University (L.S.H.), New York, NY; Baylor College of Medicine (R.D.), Houston, TX; Yale...
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 2009-12-15
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 2061-2070
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- PMC
- PMC2790221
- OpenAlex
- W2086572083
- Cited by
- 753
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 45 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 71 · 2013: 78 · 2012: 91
- FWCI
- 55.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NF-SI-0508-10123)
- National Institutes of Health (5r03ag023916-02, 5r01ag007370-30, 1r41ns056856-01a2, 5u01ag024904-10)
- U.S. Public Health Service (UO1AGO24904)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (RL1AA017536)
- National Institute on Aging (U01-AG-024904, R01AG030457, R01AG14763, AG 08671, 1-R01-AG030457-01A1, P01AG007232, R01AG026114, U01AG016976, R01-AG007370, R43AG033474, U01AG010483, U01-AG 16976, 1-UO1-AG024904, 1 R03 AG023916-01A1, P01AG030004, P50AG008702, R01AG027435, R01AG017761, P01AG07232, P50AG008671, P30AG019610, P30 P3-AG 019610, P50AG005136, P50AG005134, U01AG032438, P50 AG08671, 5-U01-AG10483, AG06036-13, P50AG08702)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL091099)
- National Institute of Mental Health (1 R01 MH58620-01A2, P50MH068789, R01MH058620)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (IR21DK062098)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P01 NS 15655, P01NS015655, R01NS042859, T32NS007224)
- National Center for Research Resources (U54RR024350-01, P20RR020626)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Keywords
- bapineuzumab, Alzheimer's disease, anti-amyloid beta monoclonal antibody, amyloid-beta, vasogenic edema, APOE ε4 carriers, cognitive decline, functional decline, dose escalation, treatment efficacy, drug safety
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Brain, Brain Edema, Cognition, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Heterozygote, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Severity of Illness Index, Biomarkers, Treatment Outcome, Apolipoprotein E4, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
