Orthostatic hypotension as a risk factor for symptomatic occlusive cerebrovascular disease
Abstract
Thirteen patients presented with brief, repetitive, stereotyped transient ischemic attacks, large artery atherostenoses or occlusions with impaired collateral flow to a cortical perfusion borderzone, and orthostatic hypotension (OH). OH was caused by diabetes mellitus, aging, and treatments for ischemic heart disease and hypertension. Medical management of OH often eliminated the need for stroke prevention measures such as surgery or anticoagulation. Focal cerebral hypoperfusion from the combination of occlusive vascular disease and OH may be an underreported, treatable cause of TIA and stroke.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Orthostatic TIAs concern a combination of multiple stenoses of cerebral arteries and OH, and may rarely result in repetitive, orthostatic, short-lasting, and stereotyped TIAs.
“An exception concerns orthostatic TIAs , concerning a combination of multiple stenoses of cerebral arteries and OH. This may rarely result in repetitive, orthostatic, short-lasting, and stereotyped TIAs.”
From 2018 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (2018) · cites this paper as [424]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2018 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope
Brignole, M., Moya, A., de Lange, F. J., Deharo, J.-C., Elliott, P. M., Fanciulli, A., Fedorowski, A., Furlan, R., Kenny, R. A., Martín, A., et al. (2018) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy037 · Cited by 1,951 · see citing works
“This may rarely result in repetitive, orthostatic, short-lasting, and stereotyped TIAs.(423,424) A TIA of the vertebrobasilar system can cause LOC, but there are always focal signs, usually limb weakness, gait and limb ataxia, vertigo, diplopia, nystagmus, dysarthria, and oropharyngeal dysfunction.”
Rutan, G. H., Hermanson, B., Bild, D. E., Kittner, S. J., LaBaw, F., & Tell, G. S. (1992) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.19.6.508 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
“In another series of 80 consecutive patients seen within 2 weeks of a TIA, 16% were found to have OH, and in 9% an OH-concurrent TIA was observed.(3) These clinical studies do not suggest a higher rate of OH among TIA patients than is found in the CHS cohort overall.”
Background2018 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope
Brignole, M., Moya‐Mitjans, À., de Lange, F. J., Deharo, J., Elliot, P. M., Fanciulli, A., Fedorowski, A., Furlan, R., Kenny, R. A., Martiın, A., et al. (2018) · Kardiologia Polska · doi:10.5603/kp.2018.0161 · Cited by 474 · see citing works
Symptomatic Carotid Artery Occlusion
Klijn, C. J. M., Kappelle, L. J., Tulleken, C. A. F., & van Gijn, J. (1997) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.28.10.2084 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Orthostatic Hypotension as a Risk Factor for Stroke
Eigenbrodt, M. L., Rose, K. M., Couper, D. J., Arnett, D. K., Smith, R., & Jones, D. W. (2000) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.31.10.2307 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Cerebrovascular complications of Fabry's disease
Mitsias, P., & Levine, S. R. (1996) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410400105 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
The association between orthostatic hypotension and recurrent falls in nursing home residents
Ooi, W. L., Hossain, M., & Lipsitz, L. A. (2000) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(99)00425-8 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Predictors of Brain Morphology for the Men of the NHLBI Twin Study
DeCarli, C. S., Miller, B. L., Swan, G. E., Reed, T., Wolf, P. A., Garner, J. R., Jack, L. M., & Carmelli, D. (1999) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.30.3.529 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
The J-curve phenomenon in stroke recurrence.
Irie, K., Yamaguchi, T., Minematsu, K., & Omae, T. (1993) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.24.12.1844 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Adverse Effect of Nighttime Blood Pressure on the Outcome of Lacunar Infarct Patients
Yamamoto, Y., Akiguchi, I., Oiwa, K., Hayashi, M., & Kimura, J. (1998) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.29.3.570 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Haemodynamic stroke: clinical features, prognosis, and management
Klijn, C. J. M., & Kappelle, L. J. (2010) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(10)70185-x · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Diabetes and the risk of stroke
Chukwuma, C., & Tuomilehto, J. O. (1993) · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications · doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(05)80253-3 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Selective Vulnerability of the Brain: New Insights into the Pathophysiology of Stroke
Collins, R. C., Dobkin, B. H., & Choi, D. W. (1989) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-110-12-992 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationFrequency and pathogenesis of hemodynamic stroke.
Bladin, C. F., & Chambers, B. R. (1994) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.25.11.2179 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Perfusion insufficiency in limb-shaking transient ischemic attacks.
Tatemichi, T. K., Young, W. L., Prohovnik, I., et al. (1990) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.21.2.341 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Orthostatic Hypotension and Vasovagal Syncope
Medow, M. S., Stewart, J. M., Sanyal, S., Mumtaz, A., Sica, D. A., & Frishman, W. H. (2007) · Cardiology in Review · doi:10.1097/crd.0b013e31815c8032 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
“Syncope can arise from cardiogenic causes, including heart blocks, supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, mechanical problems such as outflow tract obstruction secondary to aortic stenosis or other valvular lesion, pulmonary embolism, myocardial ischemia, or as the result of neurally-mediated events.(5,77) In r…”
BackgroundRecurrent ischemia in symptomatic carotid occlusion
Klijn, C. J. M., Kappelle, L. J., van Huffelen, A. C., Visser, G. H. A., Algra, A., Tulleken, C. A. F., & van Gijn, J. (2000) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.55.12.1806 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Metry, D. W., Frieden, I. J., Hess, C. P., et al. (2012) · Pediatric Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1525-1470.2012.01879.x · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Risk Factors for Stroke and Type of Stroke in Persons With Isolated Systolic Hypertension
Davis, B. R., VOGT, T. M., Frost, P. H., Burlando, A. J., Cohen, J. D., Wilson, A. C., Brass, L. M., Frishman, W. H., Price, T. R., & Stamler, J. (1998) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.29.7.1333 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Association of Parkinson Disease With Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality
Park, J., Kim, D., Park, Y. G., Kwon, D., Choi, M., Jung, J., & Han, K. (2020) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.119.044948 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Huang, Y., Chen, S. L., Yen, M., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0068314 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
“OH has been suggested as a risk factor of ischemic stroke [34,35].”
BackgroundVenous Stasis Retinopathy in Symptomatic Carotid Artery Occlusion
Klijn, C. J. M., Kappelle, L. J., van Schooneveld, M. J., et al. (2002) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/hs0302.104619 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Klijn, C. J. M., Kappelle, L. J., van der Zwan, A., et al. (2002) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000030319.78212.51 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Bulsara, K. R., Velez, D. A., & Villavicencio, A. T. (2006) · Surgical Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.surneu.2005.08.016 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“These have been known to impair cerebral autoregulation [2,10].”
BackgroundThe Rehabilitation of Elderly Stroke Patients
Dobkin, B. H. (1991) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-0690(18)30536-6 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Self-citationIshida, I., Hirakata, H., Sugimori, H., Omae, T., Hirakata, E., Ibayashi, S., Kubo, M., & Fujishima, M. (1999) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1016/s0272-6386(99)70016-8 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Cerebral ischemic attack caused by postprandial hypotension.
Kamata, T., Yokota, T., Furukawa, T., & Tsukagoshi, H. (1994) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.25.2.511 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Triggering and hourly variation of onset of arterial thrombosis
Muller, J. E., & Tofler, G. H. (1992) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/1047-2797(92)90088-8 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Abdallah, F. W., Hussain, N., Weaver, T. E., & Brull, R. (2020) · Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine · doi:10.1136/rapm-2020-101340 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Syncope and orthostatic intolerance increase risk of brain lesions in migraineurs and controls
Kruit, M. C., Thijs, R. D., Ferrari, M. D., Launer, L. J., van Buchem, M. A., & van Dijk, J. G. (2013) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e318293e1c7 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Orthostatic limb shaking from carotid hypoperfusion
Zaidat, O. O., Werz, M. A., Landis, D. M. D., et al. (1999) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.53.3.650 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Phillips, A. A., Matin, N., Jia, M., Squair, J. W., Monga, A., Zheng, M. M. Z., Sachdeva, R., Yung, A. C., Hocaloski, S., Elliott, S., et al. (2017) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5188 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Postural Hypotension and Postural Dizziness in Patients With Non–Insulin-Dependent Diabetes
Wu, J., Lu, F.-H., Yang, Y., et al. (1999) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.159.12.1350 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“Furthermore, a drop of more than 20 mm Hg in postural systolic blood pressure was a risk factor for symptomatic occlusive cerebrovascular disease.(9) Therefore, Lipsitz(10) thought that postural hypotension with a decline of 20 mm Hg or more in systolic blood pressure on standing should be used to define a potentially…”
BackgroundLeira, E. C. C., Ajax, T., & Adams, H. P. (1997) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1997.00550190090019 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Blood pressure after stroke. A one-year follow-up study.
Carlsson, A., & Britton, M. (1993) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.24.2.195 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Lee, T., Yang, J., Kato, H., et al. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.20097 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
“In clinical management of patients with symptomatic occlusive cerebrovascular disease, reduction of blood pressure by antihypertensive treatment may result in focal cerebral hypoperfusion (Caplan and Sergay, 1976; Dobkin, 1989).”
BackgroundOrthostatic hypotension among outpatients with ischemic stroke
Phipps, M., Schmid, A. A., Kapoor, J. R., Peixoto, A. J., Williams, L. S., & Bravata, D. M. (2011) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2011.10.031 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“Third, although the sample size was relatively small, many of the previous studies regarding OH and stroke had a similar or smaller sample size [6,11,13,33].”
Syncope causes transient focal neurological symptoms
Ryan, D. J., Harbison, J. A., Meaney, J. F., Rice, C. P., King-Kallimanis, B., & Kenny, R. A. (2015) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcv005 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
The Extracranial–Intracranial Bypass Trial: implications for future investigations
Garrett, M. C., Komotar, R. J., Merkow, M. B., et al. (2008) · Neurosurgical FOCUS · doi:10.3171/foc/2008/24/2/e4 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Heads Up! A Novel Provocative Maneuver to Guide Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
Ali, L. K., Weng, J. K., Starkman, S. J., et al. (2016) · Interventional Neurology · doi:10.1159/000449322 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Neurologic Complications of Endocrine Diseases
Kaminski, H. J., & Ruff, R. L. (1989) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(18)30796-5 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Drug Treatment of Orthostatic Hypotension and Vasovagal Syncope
Frishman, W. H., Azer, V., & Sica, D. A. (2003) · Heart Disease · doi:10.1097/01.hdx.0000050416.53995.43 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Stroke following acute myocardial infarction in diabetics
Pullicino, P. M., Xuereb, M., Aquilina, J., & PIEDMONTE, M. R. (1992) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00537.x · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Ryan, D. J., Kenny, R. A., Christensen, S., Meaney, J. F., Fagan, A. J., & Harbison, J. A. (2015) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afv011 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
“Apart from in the presence of severe large artery stenosis, it is a widely held that syncope and stroke do not overlap [5, 27].”
BackgroundNatello, G. W., Carroll, C. M., & Katwal, A. B. (2009) · Vascular Medicine · doi:10.1177/1358863x08099707 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Critical carotid and vertebral arterial occlusive disease and cough syncope.
Linzer, M., McFarland, T., Belkin, M., et al. (1992) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.23.7.1017 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Akinola, A., Mathias, C. J., Mansfield, A., et al. (1999) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.67.4.428 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Garrett, M. C., Komotar, R. J., Starke, R. M., et al. (2008) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2008.04.005 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Orthostatic hypotension and cerebral blood flow velocity in the rehabilitation of stroke patients
Treger, I., Shafir, O., Keren, O., & Ring, H. (2006) · International Journal of Rehabilitation Research · doi:10.1097/mrr.0b013e328010c87d · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“According to previous data, OH is associated with ischemic stroke and can affect the rehabilitation outcome (Dobkin, 1989; Eigenbrodt et al., 2000).”
MethodSaqqur, M., Sharma, V. K., Tsivgoulis, G. K., Nguyen, T. H., Heliopoulos, I., Siddiqui, M. M., Derksen, C., Khan, K. A., & Alexandrov, A. V. (2010) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000319567 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Stroke: Pathogenesis, Investigations, and Prognosis
Tegos, T. J., Kalodiki, E., Sabetai, M. M., et al. (2000) · Angiology · doi:10.1177/000331970005101101 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Postprandial limb-shaking: an unusual presentation of transient cerebral ischemia
Cheshire, W. P., & Meschia, J. F. (2006) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/s10286-006-0344-5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“While orthostatic hypotension has long been recognized as a risk factor for TIA and stroke in the setting of occlusive cerebrovascular disease [4], our patient did not have orthostatic hypotension.”
BackgroundMelgar, M. A., Sahni, D., & Weinand, M. E. (2005) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.2005.103.1.0170 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Tratamento de idosos com depressão utilizando tricíclicos, IMAO, ISRS e outros antidepressivos
Scalco, M. Z. (2002) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/s1516-44462002000500011 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Cerebral Blood Flow Changes With Enalapril
Fagan, S. C., Robert, S., Ewing, J. R., et al. (1992) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1992.tb04465.x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Why Do Treated Hypertensives Suffer Strokes? An Internist's Perspective
Simon, G. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/j.1524-6175.2002.00686.x · Cited by 11 · see citing works
MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH SYMPTOMATIC CAROTID ARTERY OCCLUSION
Kappelle, L. J., Klijn, C. J. M., & Tulleken, C. A. F. (2002) · Clinical and Experimental Hypertension · doi:10.1081/ceh-120015339 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Melgar, M. A., & Weinand, M. E. (2003) · Neurosurgical FOCUS · doi:10.3171/foc.2003.14.3.8 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Stroke and Other Neurovascular Disorders
Chung, C., & Caplan, L. R. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-141603618-0.10045-1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Factors associated with orthostatic hypotension in the Chinese population in Taiwan
Wu, J., WU, N., LU, F., & Chang, C. (1996) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/0895-7061(96)00151-3 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Klijn, C. J. M., Kappelle, L. J., van der Grond, J., et al. (2001) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000047688 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Outcome Analysis of Carotid Artery Occlusion
Alexander, J. J., Moawad, J. A., & Super, D. M. (2007) · Vascular and Endovascular Surgery · doi:10.1177/1538574407305095 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Switzer, J. A., & Nichols, F. T. (2007) · Journal of Neuroimaging · doi:10.1111/j.1552-6569.2007.00172.x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Fujiwara, N., Osanai, T., Baba, Y., et al. (2005) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000166847.95592.41 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Progrediente zerebrale Parenchymschäden durch rezidivierende arterielle Hypotonien
Dettmers, C., Hagendorff, A., Lüderitz, B., et al. (1997) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s001150050172 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Clinical and Pathophysiological Features of Amaurosis Fugax in Japanese Stroke Patients.
Terao, S.-I., Takeda, A., Miura, N., et al. (2000) · Internal Medicine · doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.39.118 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Can a Closed Carotid Artery Be Reopened?
Issawi, A., & Klopfenstein, J. D. (2015) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-015-0638-0 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Hata, T., Funakami, Y., & Itoh, E. (2005) · Journal of Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1254/jphs.fp0040774 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Kilander, L., Boberg, M., & Lithell, H. (1997) · Blood Pressure · doi:10.3109/08037059709062098 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Fagan, S. C., Ewing, J. R., Levine, S. R., et al. (1991) · DICP · doi:10.1177/106002809102501201 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Hagendorff, A., Klemm, E., Bangard, M., et al. (2001) · Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology · doi:10.1023/a:1013202213276 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Then, in the presence of arteriosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis, short-term hypotensive episodes are presumably the reason for hypoperfusion-induced brain tissue damage [38].”
BackgroundROBINSON, B. J., Stowell, L., Purdie, G., et al. (1992) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/bf01824301 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Presenting as Upper Limb Monochorea
Noda, K., Nakajima, S., Sasaki, F., et al. (2015) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.06.009 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Sebastian, J., Derksen, C., Khan, K. A., et al. (2010) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2010.02.009 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“In general, orthostatic position changes, prolonged standing, neck extension, or hypotension induced by antihypertensive medication have been reported to trigger hypoperfusion TIA, suggesting the low perfusion hemodynamic mechanism.(4,5) The literature contains only one report on symptoms attributed to cervical caroti…”
BackgroundTranscranial Doppler recording in a patient with transient positional cerebral ischemia
Martí‐Fábregas, J., Cocho, D., Lleó, A., et al. (2000) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.55.5.731-a · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Positional Brain Ischemia with MCA Occlusion Successfully Treated with Extra-Intracranial Bypass
Albanese, A., Esposito, G., Puca, A., et al. (2010) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000288055 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Metry, D. W. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-39532-1_8 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Tilt‐test diagnosis of hypotensive transient ischaemic attacks
Jardine, D. L., Hurrell, M., & Fink, J. (2007) · Internal Medicine Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.2006.01289.x · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Dong, X., Zhang, Z., Li, B., et al. (2024) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000037343 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“[12,13] Cases of brief LOC due to occlusion of bilateral CAs or MCAs have few been reported.”
BackgroundЄгорова, А. Ю., Garkaviy, P., & Yabluchansky, M. (2015) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
CEREBROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF FABRY’S DISEASE
Mitsias, P. D., Papamitsakis, N. I. H., Amory, C. F., et al. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511544897.020 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Risk Factors Associated with Ischaemic Stroke
Zeiler, K., & Kollegger, H. (1994) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-199401020-00005 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Clinically diagnosed borderzone infarction : fact or fiction?
Hupperts, R. (1994) · doi:10.26481/dis.19940624rh
Егорова, А. Ю., Гарькавый, П. А., & Яблучанский, Н. И. (2010) · Electronic Kharkiv National University Institutional Repository (Kharkiv National University)
A Patient with Syncope, Orthostatic Hypotension, and Postural-dependent Focal Neurological Deficit
Bouma, K., & de Groot, B. (2011) · Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2011.05.047
Limb shaking in multiple system atrophy
D'Olhaberriague, L., Horoupian, D. S., Wenning, G. K., et al. (1998) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.1998.510113.x
Recurrent orthostatic numbness with carotid stenosis and beta-blocker use
Lakshminarayan, K., Holloway, S. F., & Muley, S. (2003) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1052-3057(03)00045-4
A case with progressive aphasia and apraxia due to hemodynamic infarction
Okamoto, K., & Okuda, B. (2003) · Nosotchu · doi:10.3995/jstroke.25.328
Treatment of Cardiovascular Autonomic Failure
Freeman, R. L. (2005) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7216-9491-7.50123-x
The significance of color doppler sonography in selection of patients for carotid endarterectomy
Petrović, S., Petrovic, D. J., Rančić, Z., et al. (2006) · Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis
DiCarli, C., Gomez, C. R., Caplan, L. R., et al. (1999) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1052-3057(99)80053-6
HEREDITARY AND GENETIC CONDITIONS AND MALFORMATIONS
Caplan, L. R., & Bogousslavsky, J. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511544897.017
Appenzeller, O., Lamotte, G. J., & Coon, E. A. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-96011-3.00004-8
Lucía del Valle, B., A., R. C., Daniel Echeverría, C., et al. (2023) · Revista chilena de neuro-psiquiatría · doi:10.4067/s0717-92272023000300344
Li, K., Zhao, L., & Xing, W. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4395199/v1
- Authors
- Dobkin, B. H.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dobkin, Bruce H.
- ORCID
- Dobkin, Bruce H.
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 1989-01
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 30-30
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- OpenAlex
- W2075153221
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 6.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Keywords
- orthostatic hypotension, transient ischemic attack, stroke, cerebral ischemia, large artery atherosclerosis, collateral circulation, diabetes mellitus, stroke prevention, antihypertensive drugs
- MeSH terms
- Arterial Occlusive Diseases, Carotid Artery Diseases, Cerebral Angiography, Ischemic Attack, Transient, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Constriction, Pathologic, Female, Humans, Hypotension, Orthostatic, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Diabetes Complications
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
