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Measurement and prediction of functional capacity in Alzheimer's disease
Abstract
Functional loss in Alzheimer's disease is difficult to measure or predict. The Blessed Dementia Rating Scale (Part 1) correlates well with postmortem changes but is not an effective antemortem index of functional change since disparate behavioral domains are assessed. We performed a factor analysis of the Blessed items in 187 patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and identified 4 independent factors: (I) cognitive, (II) personality, (III) apathy, and (IV) basic self-care. An endpoint, consisting of a score indicative of moderate disability, was determined for each factor. We then used life table analyses to compare the probability of reaching these endpoints over time in longitudinally followed patients. Patients with extrapyramidal signs at their initial visit reached the factor IV endpoint sooner, and those with psychosis or no family history of dementia also reached the factor I endpoint faster. These data illustrate the utility of a multifactorial approach to the assessment of functional capacity in Alzheimer's disease, and also indicate that extrapyramidal symptoms and psychosis are powerful predictors of the rate of decline in basic self-care activities and cognition.
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“Therefore, we can be confident that bias was not introduced by such factors as different environmental or socioeconomic conditions experienced by successive age groups [2].”
From Rate of medial temporal lobe atrophy in typical aging and Alzheimer's disease (1998) · cites this paper as [2]
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“A well accepted biological concomitant of AD is cerebral atrophy([4](#R4)).”
From Medial temporal atrophy on MRI in normal aging and very mild Alzheimer's disease (1997) · cites this paper as [4]
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“In analyzing the association between MTL volume and age we recognize that this is a cross-sectional sample and that secular effects of different environmental or socioeconomic conditions experienced by successive age groups may be unrecognized ([4](#R4)).”
From Medial temporal atrophy on MRI in normal aging and very mild Alzheimer's disease (1997) · cites this paper as [4]
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The Mini‐Mental State Examination: A Comprehensive Review
Tombaugh, T. N., & McIntyre, N. J. (1992) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01992.x · Cited by 5,152
Medial temporal atrophy on MRI in normal aging and very mild Alzheimer's disease
Jack, C. R., Petersen, R. C., Xu, Y. C., Waring, S. C., O'Brien, P. C., Tangalos, E. G., Smith, G. E., Ivnik, R. J., & Kokmen, E. (1997) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.49.3.786 · Cited by 1,128
Rate of medial temporal lobe atrophy in typical aging and Alzheimer's disease
Jack, C. R., Petersen, R. C., Xu, Y., O'Brien, P. C., Smith, G. E., Ivnik, R. J., Tangalos, E. G., & Kokmen, E. (1998) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.51.4.993 · Cited by 666
The measurement of everyday cognition (ECog): Scale development and psychometric properties.
Farias, S. T., Mungas, D., Reed, B., Cahn, D. A., Jagust, W. J., Baynes, K., & DeCarli, C. S. (2008) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/0894-4105.22.4.531 · Cited by 665
Functional deficits in patients with mild cognitive impairment
Tabert, M. H., Albert, S. M., Borukhova-Milov, L., Camacho, Y., Pelton, G. H., Liu, X., Stern, Y., & Devanand, D. P. (2002) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.58.5.758 · Cited by 479
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Stern, Y., Hesdorffer, D., Sano, M., & Mayeux, R.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 1990-01
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 8-8
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- OpenAlex
- W2120924264
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 6.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG08702, AG 07370, P01AG007232, AG 07232, P50AG008702)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, functional capacity, factor analysis, cognitive decline, personality, apathy, extrapyramidal signs, psychosis, family history of dementia, functional decline prediction, life table analysis
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Personality Disorders, Predictive Value of Tests, Self Care, Social Isolation, Life Tables
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