Estrogen Effects on cognition in menopausal women
Abstract
There is now considerable evidence from basic neuroscience that estrogen influences aspects of brain chemistry and brain morphology known to be important for memory functions. Prospective, controlled studies of surgically and naturally menopausal women demonstrated that exogenous estrogen enhanced short- and long-term memory and the capacity for learning new associations, whereas visual memory was unaffected. Healthy, 65 year-old women who took estrogen also performed significantly better than estrogen-nonusers who were matched for age, socioeconomic status, and years of formal education. Finally, in 32-year-old women with uterine myomas, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) resulted both in ovarian suppression and in a decrease in verbal memory which was reversed by addition of estrogen to the GnRH-a treatment. Taken together, these findings suggest that estrogen helps to maintain verbal memory and enhances the capacity for new learning in women, whereas other cognitive functions such as verbal memory are seemingly unaffected by this steroid hormone.
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Decreased estradiol reduces executive function.
“Associations between low E2 and increased ADHD symptoms are in line with evidence that decreased E2 reduces EF (Jacobs et al., 1998; Schmidt et al., 1996; Sherwin, 1997), perhaps particularly among women with genotypic risk for low prefrontal dopamine and elevated trait impulsivity (Jacobs & D’Esposito, 2011).”
From Reproductive steroids and ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle (2018) · cites this paper as Sherwin, 1997
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Reproductive steroids and ADHD symptoms across the menstrual cycle
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- Authors
- Sherwin, B. B.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Sherwin, Barbara B.
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 1997-05
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 5_suppl_7
- Pages
- S21-6
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- OpenAlex
- W2063184348
- Cited by
- 290
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Phytoestrogen effects and research
- Keywords
- estrogen, menopause, cognitive function, memory, verbal memory, learning, uterine fibroids, GnRH agonist, ovarian suppression, hormone replacement therapy
- MeSH terms
- Cognition, Estrogens, Female, Humans, Male, Menopause, Sex Characteristics, Estrogen Replacement Therapy
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