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Cited by 128Biographical and Historical AnalysisMemory, Trauma, and CommemorationCultural Heritage Management and Preservation

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The Enduring Legacy: Oil, Culture, and Society in Venezuela

Tinker Salas, Miguel·2009·Duke University Press eBooks
DOI 10.1215/9780822392231
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Abstract

Oil has played a major role in Venezuela’s economy since the first gusher was discovered along Lake Maracaibo in 1922. As Miguel Tinker Salas demonstrates, oil has also transformed the country’s social, cultural, and political landscapes. In The Enduring Legacy , Tinker Salas traces the history of the oil industry’s rise in Venezuela from the beginning of the twentieth century, paying particular attention to the experiences and perceptions of industry employees, both foreign and Venezuelan. He reveals how class ambitions and corporate interests combined to reshape many Venezuelans’ ideas of citizenship. Middle-class Venezuelans embraced the oil industry from the start, anticipating that it would transform the country by introducing modern technology, sparking economic development, and breaking the landed elites’ stranglehold. Eventually Venezuelan employees of the industry found that their benefits, including relatively high salaries, fueled loyalty to the oil companies. That loyalty sometimes trumped allegiance to the nation-state. North American and British petroleum companies, seeking to maintain their stakes in Venezuela, promoted the idea that their interests were synonymous with national development. They set up oil camps—residential communities to house their workers—that brought Venezuelan employees together with workers from the United States and Britain, and eventually with Chinese, West Indian, and Mexican migrants as well. Through the camps, the companies offered not just housing but also schooling, leisure activities, and acculturation into a structured, corporate way of life. Tinker Salas contends that these practices shaped the heart and soul of generations of Venezuelans whom the industry provided with access to a middle-class lifestyle. His interest in how oil suffused the consciousness of Venezuela is personal: Tinker Salas was born and raised in one of its oil camps.

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  • Following conventional readings of Venezuelan history, Chavista discourse correlated the rise of oil with the decline of national agriculture and other sectors of the economy, using an image drawn from popular culture.

    “Following conventional readings of Venezuelan history (Tinker-Salas 2009; Coronil 1997: 67 -117), Chavista discourse correlated the rise of oil with the decline of national agriculture and other sectors of the economy, using an image drawn from popular culture.”

    From The Devil and Florentino: Specters of Petro-Populism in Venezuela (2024) · cites this paper as Tinker-Salas 2009

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Metadata

Authors
Tinker Salas, M.
Venue
Duke University Press eBooks
Publisher
Duke University Press
Published
2009
DOI
10.1215/9780822392231
OpenAlex
W3175664216
Semantic Scholar
26d797c2ef115ac9f87a79dc9944df7e7b7b7304
Cited by
128
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
FWCI
14.65
Type
book
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Duke University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Biographical and Historical Analysis
  • Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Memory, Trauma, and Commemoration
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology (arts and humanities) › Cultural Heritage Management and Preservation

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