The DOI matches its Crossref record; 82 of the 82 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Generation of tissue-engineered small intestine using embryonic stem cell-derived human intestinal organoids
Open accessAbstract
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is characterized by poor nutrient absorption due to a deficit of healthy intestine. Current treatment practices rely on providing supportive medical therapy with parenteral nutrition; while life saving, such interventions are not curative and are still associated with significant co-morbidities. As approaches to lengthen remaining intestinal tissue have been met with only limited success and intestinal transplants have poor survival outcomes, new approaches to treating SBS are necessary. Human intestine derived from embryonic stem cells (hESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), called human intestinal organoids (HIOs), have the potential to offer a personalized and scalable source of intestine for regenerative therapies. However, given that HIOs are small three-dimensional structures grown in vitro, methods to generate usable HIO-derived constructs are needed. We investigated the ability of hESCs or HIOs to populate acellular porcine intestinal matrices and artificial polyglycolic/poly L lactic acid (PGA/PLLA) scaffolds, and examined the ability of matrix/scaffolds to thrive when transplanted in vivo. Our results demonstrate that the acellular matrix alone is not sufficient to instruct hESC differentiation towards an endodermal or intestinal fate. We observed that while HIOs reseed acellular porcine matrices in vitro, the HIO-reseeded matrices do not thrive when transplanted in vivo. In contrast, HIO-seeded PGA/PLLA scaffolds thrive in vivo and develop into tissue that looks nearly identical to adult human intestinal tissue. Our results suggest that HIO-seeded PGA/PLLA scaffolds are a promising avenue for developing the mucosal component of tissue engineered human small intestine, which need to be explored further to develop them into fully functional tissue.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“However, pre-differentiated HIOs were able to seed onto decellularized porcine intestinal ECM and form correct spatial orientation-mimicking intestine79.”
From Towards organoid culture without Matrigel (2021) · cites this paper as [79]
In the citing paper
“Finkbeiner and colleagues found that undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) could not directly differentiate into HIOs in a decellularized porcine intestinal ECM.”
From Towards organoid culture without Matrigel (2021) · cites this paper as [79]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
3 retracted
GRIM-19 Mediated Translocation of STAT3 to Mitochondria is Necessary for TNF Induced Necroptosis.
Shulga, N., & Pastorino, J. G. (2012) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.103093 · Cited by 101
RetractedMitoneet mediates TNFα induced necroptosis promoted by fructose and ethanol exposure
Shulga, N., & Pastorino, J. G. (2013) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.140764 · Cited by 20
RetractedShulga, N., & Pastorino, J. G. (2014) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m114.580175 · Cited by 14
RetractedInduction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Adult Human Fibroblasts by Defined Factors
Takahashi, K., Tanabe, K., Ohnuki, M., Narita, M., Ichisaka, T., Tomoda, K., & Yamanaka, S. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.11.019 · Cited by 20,221
Directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into intestinal tissue in vitro
Spence, J. R., Mayhew, C. N., Rankin, S. A., Kuhar, M. F., Vallance, J. E., Tolle, K. A., Hoskins, E. E., Kalinichenko, V. V., Wells, S. I., Zorn, A. M., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09691 · Cited by 1,911
Self-citationMechanisms of Pancreatic β-Cell Death in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Cnop, M., Welsh, N., Jonas, J.-C., Jörns, A., Lenzen, S., & Eizirik, D. L. (2005) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.suppl_2.s97 · Cited by 1,491
NOD/SCID/γcnull mouse: an excellent recipient mouse model for engraftment of human cells
Ito, M., Hiramatsu, H., Kobayashi, K., Suzue, K., Kawahata, M., Hioki, K., Ueyama, Y., Koyanagi, Y., Sugamura, K., Tsuji, K., et al. (2002) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2001-12-0207 · Cited by 1,483
Molecular and metabolic mechanisms of insulin resistance and β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes
Muoio, D. M., & Newgard, C. B. (2008) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2327 · Cited by 1,177
In vitro generation of human pluripotent stem cell derived lung organoids
Dye, B. R., Hill, D. R., Ferguson, M. A. H., Tsai, Y.-H., Nagy, M. S., Dyal, R., Wells, J. M., Mayhew, C. N., Nattiv, R., Klein, O. D., et al. (2015) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.05098 · Cited by 846
Self-citationAcellular Normal and Fibrotic Human Lung Matrices as a Culture System for In Vitro Investigation
Booth, A. J., Hadley, R., Cornett, A. M., Dreffs, A. A., Matthes, S. A., Tsui, J. L., Weiss, K., Horowitz, J. C., Fiore, V. F., Barker, T. H., et al. (2012) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201204-0754oc · Cited by 665
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Yermen, 2014, Technical Manual: Maintenance of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells in mTeSR1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–174 of 174
Generating an Artificial Intestine for the Treatment of Short Bowel Syndrome
Kovler, M. L., & Hackam, D. J. (2019) · Gastroenterology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2019.08.011 · Cited by 14
Regenerative medicine: current research and perspective in pediatric surgery
Deguchi, K., Zambaiti, E., & Coppi, P. D. (2023) · Pediatric Surgery International · doi:10.1007/s00383-023-05438-6 · Cited by 12
Pan, F. C., Evans, T., & Chen, S. (2020) · Journal of Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1093/jmcb/mjaa031 · Cited by 12
Microfluidic Techniques for Next‐Generation Organoid Systems
Gong, J., Li, M., Kang, J., Yin, Z., Cha, Z., Yang, J., & Xu, H. (2022) · Advanced Materials Interfaces · doi:10.1002/admi.202200846 · Cited by 12
Generation of an artificial intestine for the management of short bowel syndrome
Ladd, M. R., Niño, D. F., March, J. C., Sodhi, C. P., & Hackam, D. J. (2016) · Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation · doi:10.1097/mot.0000000000000284 · Cited by 11
Parallels between the extracellular matrix roles in developmental biology and cancer biology
Yuzhalin, A. E. (2021) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.09.010 · Cited by 11
Matsumoto, Y., Mochizuki, W., Akiyama, S., Matsumoto, T., Nozaki, K., Watanabe, M., & Nakamura, T. (2017) · Biology Open · doi:10.1242/bio.024927 · Cited by 11
In Vivo Transplantation of Human Intestinal Organoids Enhances Select Tight Junction Gene Expression
Boyle, M. A., Sequeira, D. J., McNeill, E. P., Criss, Z. K., Shroyer, N. F., & Speer, A. L. (2020) · Journal of Surgical Research · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2020.10.002 · Cited by 10
Yu, Q., Kilik, U., Holloway, E. M., Tsai, Y.-H., Wu, A., Wu, J. H., Czerwinski, M. J., Childs, C. J., He, Z., Glass, I. A., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.07.24.219147 · Cited by 12
Self-citationStem cell derived therapies to preserve and repair the developing intestine
Mesfin, F. M., Manohar, K., Hunter, C. E., Shelley, W., Brokaw, J. P., Liu, J.-Y., Ma, M.-L., & Markel, T. (2023) · Seminars in Perinatology · doi:10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151727 · Cited by 10
Engineering a second brain in a dish
Mahé, M. M. (2018) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.04.015 · Cited by 9
Raia, N. R., McGill, M., Marcet, T. F., Yucha, S. E. V., & Kaplan, D. L. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816137-1.00087-8 · Cited by 9
He, Y., van Breda, S. G., & de Kok, T. M. C. M. (2025) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2025.2550515 · Cited by 10
Esophageal organoids: applications and future prospects
Liu, H., & Wang, X. (2023) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-023-02340-5 · Cited by 9
Potential Application of Intestinal Organoids in Intestinal Diseases
Liu, W., Wang, Q., Bai, Y., Xiao, H., Li, Z., Wang, Q., Yang, J., Yang, J., & Sun, H. (2023) · Stem Cell Reviews and Reports · doi:10.1007/s12015-023-10651-w · Cited by 8
Bellomo, C., Furone, F., Rotondo, R., Ciscognetti, I., Carpinelli, M., Nicoletti, M., D’Aniello, G., Sepe, L., Barone, M. V., & Nanayakkara, M. (2024) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells13231981 · Cited by 7
Regenerative medicine for childhood gastrointestinal diseases
Jones, B. C., Shibuya, S., Durkin, N., & Coppi, P. D. (2021) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2021.101769 · Cited by 7
Generation of Endoderm Lineages from Pluripotent Stem Cells
Luo, X., Wang, H., Leighton, J., O’Sullivan, M., & Wang, P. (2016) · Regenerative Medicine · doi:10.2217/rme-2016-0086 · Cited by 7
Bioengineering of the digestive tract: approaching the clinic
Speer, A. L., Ren, X., McNeill, E. P., Aziz, J. M., Muir, S. M., Marino, D. I., Dadhich, P., Sawant, K., Ciccocioppo, R., Asthana, A., et al. (2021) · Cytotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.02.006 · Cited by 6
Production of Tissue-Engineered Small Intestine in Rats with Different Ages of Cell Donors
Liu, Y., Wang, Y., Chakroff, J., Johnson, J. K., Farrell, A., & Besner, G. E. (2018) · Tissue Engineering Part A · doi:10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0226 · Cited by 5
Noggin regulates foregut progenitor cell programming and mis-expression leads to esophageal atresia
Pinzon‐Guzman, C., Sangadala, S., Riera, K. M., Popova, E. Y., Manning, E., Huh, W. J., Alexander, M. S., Shelton, J. S., Boden, S. D., & Goldenring, J. R. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci123597 · Cited by 5
Kanno, T., Katano, T., Ogawa, I., Iwao, T., Matsunaga, T., & Kataoka, H. (2022) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina59010092 · Cited by 5
Bioengineering of Intestinal Grafts
Herath, M., & Speer, A. L. (2024) · Gastroenterology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2023.12.006 · Cited by 5
Thiolated Thermoresponsive Polymer Scaffolds with Tunable Mucoadhesivity for Intestinal Applications
Kanetkar, N. S., & Ekenseair, A. K. (2020) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00932 · Cited by 5
Levin, D. E. (2019) · Gastroenterology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2019.08.012 · Cited by 4
Dye, B. R., Kasputis, T., Spence, J. R., & Shea, L. D. (2017) · MRS Communications · doi:10.1557/mrc.2017.61 · Cited by 4
Self-citationStem cells for babies and their surgeons: The future is now
Zuber, S. M., & Grikscheit, T. C. (2018) · Journal of Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.10.027 · Cited by 4
Self-citationWang, J., Cao, K., Chen, Z., Lyu, T., Xia, Q., Zhu, X., Liu, L., & Li, B. (2025) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmso.s525783 · Cited by 3
Hydrogel design for intestinal organoids: principles governing translational regenerative medicine
Wang, Y., Cao, Z., Li, B., Huang, Y., Wang, G., & Chen, Q. (2025) · Biomaterials Science · doi:10.1039/d5bm00926j · Cited by 3
Development of a novel tubular scaffold for tissue-engineered small intestine
Ladd, M. R., Zehra, M., Kothamasu, M. R., Katragadda, K., Mishu, N., Yoo, J. J., Atala, A., & Schwartz, M. Z. (2025) · Journal of Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2025.162601 · Cited by 3
El-Hashash, A. H. K. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821269-1.00009-6 · Cited by 3
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches in colorectal surgery
Mainali, B. B., Yoo, J. J., & Ladd, M. R. (2024) · Annals of Coloproctology · doi:10.3393/ac.2024.00437.0062 · Cited by 3
hiPSC-Based Tissue Organoid Regeneration
Qu, Y., Yucer, N., Garcia, V. J., Giuliano, A. E., & Cui, X. (2018) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.76997 · Cited by 3
Enteric nervous system as a therapeutic target in gastrointestinal disorders
Agrawal, H., Agarwal, N., & Gupta, N. (2025) · World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.4292/wjgpt.v16.i4.110843 · Cited by 2
McNeill, E. P., Gupta, V. S., Sequeira, D. J., Shroyer, N. F., & Speer, A. L. (2022) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-022-07442-7 · Cited by 2
Hydrogel innovations for 3D organoid culture
Feng, Y., He, D., & An, X. (2025) · Biomedical Materials · doi:10.1088/1748-605x/add82d · Cited by 3
Gilliam, E. A., Schlieve, C. R., Fowler, K. L., Rea, J. N., Schall, K. A., Huang, S., Spence, J. R., & Grikscheit, T. C. (2020) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00387.2019 · Cited by 2
Self-citationA Purpose in Liquidity: Perfusing 3D Open Scaffolds Improves “Mini-gut” Morphogenesis and Longevity
Schlieve, C. R., & Grikscheit, T. C. (2020) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2020.10.010 · Cited by 2
Self-citationVascularized Homeostasis: The Key to Orofacial Tissue-Engineered Organoid Construction
Zhang, X., Li, Z., Mou, Q., He, L., Jiao, L., Ma, Z., & Liu, X. (2025) · Tissue Engineering Part B Reviews · doi:10.1177/19373368251373103 · Cited by 1
Canhão, P. G. M., Smeuninx, A., Geerinckx, S., Evers, R., Snoeys, J., Augustijns, P., & Kourula, S. (2026) · Toxicology in Vitro · doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2026.106221 · Cited by 1
Created of Warm Blood and Nerves: Restoring an Enteric Nervous System in Organoids
Schlieve, C. R., & Grikscheit, T. C. (2017) · Cell stem cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2016.12.012 · Cited by 1
Self-citationCellular Mechanisms and Embryonic Tissues
Collins, P. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-6956-7.00002-6 · Cited by 1
Advances and applications in liver organoid technology
Lin, L., Miao, L. E. I., JiaMan, L. I. N., & Hu, W. (2021) · Scientia Sinica Vitae · doi:10.1360/ssv-2021-0283 · Cited by 1
Szlachcic, W. J., Letai, K. C., Scavuzzo, M. A., & Borowiak, M. (2023) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.202200186 · Cited by 1
Tissue engineering for compensating short bowel syndrome
Kosulin, A. V., Beldiman, L. N., Kromsky, S. V., Kokorina, A. A., Mikhailova, E. V., Sokolova, M. O., Кривенцов, А. В., & Aleksandrov, V. N. (2018) · Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy · doi:10.17816/brmma12376 · Cited by 1
Chang, D. F., Gilliam, E. A., Nucho, L.-M. A., Garcia, J., Shevchenko, Y., Zuber, S. M., Squillaro, A. I., Maselli, K. M., Huang, S., Spence, J. R., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00073.2021 · Cited by 1
Self-citationBeanland, B. T., McNeill, E. P., Sequeira, D. J., Xue, H., Shroyer, N. F., & Speer, A. L. (2022) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202101740rr · Cited by 1
The Long-Term Treatment of Short Bowel Syndrome
Stancu, S. M. K., & Cirstoveanu, C. G. (2016) · Discoveries Reports · doi:10.15190/drep.2016.2
Pashneh‐Tala, S. (2017) · White Rose eTheses Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)
Defining the Intestinal Stem Cell Niche for Tissue Engineering and Disease Modeling
Kim, S. W., Banerjee, A., Starchenko, A., Yilmaz, Ö. H., & Lau, K. S. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.65482-x · Cited by 1
Current Concepts for Tissue Engineering of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Speer, A. L. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.65847-6
Sprayable thermoresponsive hydrogels for minimally invasive treatment of bowel diseases
Pehlivaner (2018) · Digital Repository Service (Northeastern University) · doi:10.17760/d20292459
Developing models of the small intestine
Dosh, R. H. (2018) · Sheffield Hallam University · doi:10.7190/shu-thesis-00131
Hung, Y.-H., Huang, S., Dame, M. K., Yu, Q., Yu, Q. C., Zeng, Y. A., Camp, J. G., Spence, J. R., & Sethupathy, P. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2019.12.18.881219
Self-citationIn vitro disease and organ model
Lesha, E., Darouie, S., Seyfoori, A., Dolatshahi‐Pirouz, A., & Akbari, M. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102906-0.00020-9
Maselli, K. M., Schlieve, C. R., Frey, M. R., & Grikscheit, T. C. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818422-6.00039-3
Self-citation3D intestinal models towards a more realistic permeability screening
Almeida, A., Azevedo, C., Macedo, M. H., & Sarmento, B. F. C. C. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818038-9.00003-x
Stem Cells for Tissue Repair of the GI Tract
Dua, K. S., & Sasikala, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29964-4_61-1
General discussion, conclusion remark, and future direction
El-Hashash, A. H. K. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821206-6.00001-1
Organotypic intestinal cell culture as a new modality for intestinal function and cellular processes
Broda, T. R., & Kasendra, M. J. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821269-1.00004-7
Induced pluripotent stem cells in intestinal diseases
Fakoya, A. O. J., Omole, A. E., Satyadev, N., & Okaruefe, C. O. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821269-1.00003-5
Induced pluripotent stem cells for studying genetic autonomic disorders
Ulrichs, H., Wu, H. F., & Zeltner, N. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85767-3.00010-4
Stem Cells for Tissue Repair of the GI Tract
Dua, K. S., & Sasikala, M. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56993-8_61
General discussion, conclusion remarks, and future directions
El-Hashash, A. H. K. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821269-1.00002-3
Levin, G. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.87.2020.tde-28112022-101804
Surgery for Patients with a Short Bowel and Tissue Engineering
Soop, M., Meran, L., Nightingale, J. M. D., & Thompson, J. S. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-22265-8_58
Марсович, Н. И., Лебедева, А. И., Danilko, K. V., Markelov, V. A., & Khalilov, D. I. (2025) · Kazan medical journal · doi:10.17816/kmj642027
Alternatives to animal models in gastroenterology and hepatology research
Gardey, E., Geisler, A. R., Löser, A., Stallmach, A., Kipp, A. P., Stefan Lorkowski, A., & Witt-Wallert, M. (2026) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1789616
Biological Insights into Intestinal Adaptation from Preclinical Models of Short Bowel Syndrome
Pane, C., Puca, P., Mattia, M. D., TROISI, S., Kashyrina, M., Pizzoferrato, M., Masi, L., Parisio, L., Rosa, M. C. D., Scagnoli, B., et al. (2026) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells15181642
In vivo models for tissue engineering
Gupta, A., & Yadav, D. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-33455-9.00024-9
Metadata
- Authors
- Finkbeiner, S. R., Freeman, J. J., Wieck, M. M., El-Nachef, W., Altheim, C. H., Tsai, Y.-H., Huang, S., Dyal, R., White, E. S., Grikscheit, T. C., Teitelbaum, D. H., & Spence, J. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Spence, Jason R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biology Open
- Publisher
- The Company of Biologists
- Published
- 2015-10-12
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1462-1472
- ISSN
- 2046-6390 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4728347
- OpenAlex
- W2261291226
- Cited by
- 174
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 16.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Biology Open (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (RN3-06425)
- Hartwell Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000433, DK034933)
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U24DK085532, P30DK034933, DK 034933, K01DK091415, U01DK085532, U01DK103141, T32DK094775)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD007505)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Keywords
- human intestinal organoids, embryonic stem cells, short bowel syndrome, intestinal regeneration, in vivo transplantation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
