The BLADE ON PETIOLE genes act redundantly to control the growth and development of lateral organs
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Developmental processes in multicellular organisms involve an intricate balance between mechanisms that promote cell division activity and growth, and others that promote cell differentiation. Leaf development in Arabidopsis thaliana is controlled by genes like BLADE ON PETIOLE1(BOP1), which prevent the development of ectopic meristematic activity that leads to the formation of new organs, and JAGGED(JAG), which control the proximodistal development of the leaf by regulating cell-division activity. We have isolated and characterized the BOP1 gene together with a functionally redundant close homolog that we name BOP2. The BOP genes are members of a gene family containing ankyrin repeats and a BTB/POZ domain, suggesting a role in protein-protein interaction. We show that the BOP genes are expressed in the proximal parts of plant lateral organs where they repress the transcription not only of class 1 knox genes but also of JAG. We also show that the BOP genes are acting together with the flower meristem identity gene LEAFY in the suppression of bract formation. These findings show that the BOP genes are important regulators of the growth and development of lateral organs.
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bop1 bop2 double mutants show ectopic tissue growth from the lamina and lack a distinct petiole.
“bop1 bop2 double mutants show ectopic tissue growth from the lamina, and lack a distinct petiole (Norberg et al., 2005;Ha et al., 2007).”
From <i>Divide et impera</i>: boundaries shape the plant body and initiate new meristems (2016) · cites this paper as Norberg et al., 2005
LOB is activated by BOP1 and BOP2 genes, which are transiently expressed in leaf primordia and restricted to the boundary when primordia first appear morphologically distinct from the meristem.
“LOB is activated by BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1 (BOP1) and BOP2 genes, which are transiently expressed in leaf primordia and restricted to the boundary when primordia first appear as morphologically distinct from the meristem (Ha et al., 2004(Ha et al., , 2007;;Norberg et al., 2005).”
From <i>Divide et impera</i>: boundaries shape the plant body and initiate new meristems (2016) · cites this paper as Norberg et al., 2005
BOP1-2 is expressed in the boundary between the SAM and leaf primordia, and within the leaf.
“| BOP1-2 | NOOT (medicago (Medicago | BTB/ | Fused inflorescences, simpler | SAM and leaf primordia, | Ha et al. (2004, 2007); Norberg et al. |”
From <i>Divide et impera</i>: boundaries shape the plant body and initiate new meristems (2016) · cites this paper as Norberg et al. (2005)
Loss-of-function mutants of BOP1-2 have fused inflorescences.
“| BOP1-2 | NOOT (medicago (Medicago | BTB/ | Fused inflorescences, simpler | SAM and leaf primordia, | Ha et al. (2004, 2007); Norberg et al. |”
From <i>Divide et impera</i>: boundaries shape the plant body and initiate new meristems (2016) · cites this paper as Norberg et al. (2005)
Loss-of-function mutants of BOP1-2 have simpler leaves in compound leaf species.
“| | truncatula)), COCH (pea | POZ | leaves in compound leaf | within the leaf | (2005); Couzigou et al. (2012); |”
From <i>Divide et impera</i>: boundaries shape the plant body and initiate new meristems (2016) · cites this paper as Norberg et al. (2005)
The Arabidopsis BOP1 and BOP2 genes encode BTB/POZ protein family proteins.
“| BOP1-2 | NOOT (medicago (Medicago | BTB/ | Fused inflorescences, simpler | SAM and leaf primordia, | Ha et al. (2004, 2007); Norberg et al. |”
From <i>Divide et impera</i>: boundaries shape the plant body and initiate new meristems (2016) · cites this paper as Norberg et al. (2005)
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<i>Divide et impera</i>: boundaries shape the plant body and initiate new meristems
Wang, Q., Hasson, A., Rossmann, S., & Theres, K. (2016) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.13641 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
- Authors
- Norberg, M., Holmlund, M., & Nilsson, O.
- Affiliations
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Nilsson, Ove
- ORCID
- Nilsson, Ove
- Venue
- Development
- Publisher
- The Company of Biologists
- Published
- 2005-05-01
- Volume
- 132
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2203-2213
- ISSN
- 0950-1991 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-9129
- OpenAlex
- W2025937395
- Cited by
- 245
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 11.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Development (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Keywords
- gene redundancy, lateral organ development, leaf development, proximodistal patterning, Jagged, LEAFY, ankyrin repeats, BTB/POZ domain, transcriptional repression, Arabidopsis thaliana
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Transcription Factors, Arabidopsis, Plant Leaves, Cell Cycle Proteins, Gene Expression Profiling, Arabidopsis Proteins, Flowers
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