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Cited by 15Robotic Locomotion and ControlBalance, Gait, and Falls PreventionLower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The effects of gravity on human walking: a new test of the dynamic similarity hypothesis using a predictive model

Raichlen, David A.·2008·Journal of Experimental Biology
DOI 10.1242/jeb.020073
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Abstract

SUMMARY The dynamic similarity hypothesis (DSH) suggests that differences in animal locomotor biomechanics are due mostly to differences in size. According to the DSH, when the ratios of inertial to gravitational forces are equal between two animals that differ in size [e.g. at equal Froude numbers, where Froude =velocity2/(gravity × hip height)], their movements can be made similar by multiplying all time durations by one constant, all forces by a second constant and all linear distances by a third constant. The DSH has been generally supported by numerous comparative studies showing that as inertial forces differ (i.e. differences in the centripetal force acting on the animal due to variation in hip heights), animals walk with dynamic similarity. However, humans walking in simulated reduced gravity do not walk with dynamically similar kinematics. The simulated gravity experiments did not completely account for the effects of gravity on all body segments, and the importance of gravity in the DSH requires further examination. This study uses a kinematic model to predict the effects of gravity on human locomotion,taking into account both the effects of gravitational forces on the upper body and on the limbs. Results show that dynamic similarity is maintained in altered gravitational environments. Thus, the DSH does account for differences in the inertial forces governing locomotion (e.g. differences in hip height)as well as differences in the gravitational forces governing locomotion.

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Crossref · 10.1242/jeb.020073

Cites

31 of 31 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • The kinematic model of Raichlen (2008) matches the data presented in this review.

    “The kinematic model of Raichlen (2008) which predicts the effects of gravity on human locomotion matches the data as presented in this review.”

    From Human Biomechanical and Cardiopulmonary Responses to Partial Gravity – A Systematic Review (2017) · cites this paper as Raichlen, 2008

  • Raichlen (2008) calculated that relative stride lengths at 2 m/s and the Froude number at walk-to-run transition speed increase with decreasing gravity.

    “The author calculated, that relative stride lengths at 2 meters per second (m/s) as well as the Froude number at walk-to-run transition speed increases with decreasing gravity (Raichlen, 2008).”

    From Human Biomechanical and Cardiopulmonary Responses to Partial Gravity – A Systematic Review (2017) · cites this paper as Raichlen, 2008

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Metadata

Authors
Raichlen, D. A.
Affiliations
University of Arizona (US)
Corresponding author
Raichlen, David A.
ORCID
Raichlen, David A.
Venue
Journal of Experimental Biology
Publisher
The Company of Biologists
Published
2008-09-01
Volume
211
Issue
17
Pages
2767-2772
ISSN
  • 0022-0949 (ISSN-L)
  • 1477-9145
DOI
10.1242/jeb.020073
OpenAlex
W2147609658
Cited by
15
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
FWCI
0.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Experimental Biology (publishedVersion)
  • HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Robotic Locomotion and Control
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
Keywords
human walking, gravity, Froude number, inertial forces, gravitational force, hip height, kinematic modeling, locomotion biomechanics, size scaling, altered gravity

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