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Exercise and self-esteem: rationale and model
Abstract
SONSTROEM, R. J. and W. P. MORGAN. Exercise and self-esteem: rationale and model. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 329–337, 1989. Positive emotional and psychological benefits are commonly believed to result from chronic physical exercise. While reviews of research have failed to substantiate this general proposition, they have identified enhanced self-esteem as an empirically supported exercise outcome. Unfortunately, research in this area has tended to be simplistic in self-esteem theory and measurement and has remained incapable of addressing how or why change may occur. This paper summarizes pertinent self-esteem theory and presents an empirically based rationale for self-esteem enhancement through exercise participation. It constructs a model for examining exercise and self-esteem interactions in which components of self-structure are hierarchically organized on a basis of generality. The self-esteem model contains dimensions of competence and self-acceptance, and it is operationally defined.
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In the citing paper
“As previously described, improvements in specific physical self-perceptions (e.g., perceived sport competence) are hypothesized to generalize to improvements in overall physical self-concept and ultimately to enhanced self-esteem.”
From Physical Activity for Cognitive and Mental Health in Youth: A Systematic Review of Mechanisms (2016) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“According to the theory, improvements in self-esteem should be expected in the presence of positive changes in self-perceptions or self-concept.”
From Physical Activity for Cognitive and Mental Health in Youth: A Systematic Review of Mechanisms (2016) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“These findings are consistent with the predictions of the Exercise and Self-Esteem Model 30 and Shavelston's model of self-concept. 31”
From Physical Activity for Cognitive and Mental Health in Youth: A Systematic Review of Mechanisms (2016) · cites this paper as [30]
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Physical Activity for Cognitive and Mental Health in Youth: A Systematic Review of Mechanisms
Lubans, D., Richards, J., Hillman, C., Faulkner, G., Beauchamp, M., Nilsson, M., Kelly, P., Smith, J., Raine, L., & Biddle, S. (2016) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2016-1642 · Cited by 1,548
Kandola, A., Ashdown-Franks, G., Hendrikse, J., Sabiston, C. M., & Stubbs, B. (2019) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.040 · Cited by 1,309
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MENTAL HEALTH: THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EXERCISE AND MOOD
Peluso, M. A. M., & Andrade, L. H. (2005) · Clinics · doi:10.1590/s1807-59322005000100012 · Cited by 804
Toward a comprehensive model of physical activity
Spence, J. C., & Lee, R. E. (2002) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/s1469-0292(02)00014-6 · Cited by 686
(2000) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200007000-00024 · Cited by 604
Metadata
- Authors
- SONSTROEM, R. J., & MORGAN, W. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Venue
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
- Published
- 1989-06
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 329???337
- ISSN
- 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4294570529
- Cited by
- 383
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 3.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- physical activity, self-esteem, self-esteem theory, self-structure, competence, self-acceptance, self-esteem measurement
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