The Effects of Exercise Training on the Traditional Lipid Profile and Beyond
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date information regarding the effects of aerobic and resistance exercise training on the traditional blood lipid and lipoprotein profile. In addition, emerging coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors, such as postprandial lipemia (PPL) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), are reviewed. Numerous studies report that aerobic exercise combined with weight loss significantly reduces blood cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) while improving high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Both aerobic and resistance training demonstrated a reduction in non-HDL-C independent of changes in body weight. Transient beneficial effects of a single session of aerobic exercise are observed for PPL. Nonetheless further research is needed to provide a better understanding of the potential mechanisms for reducing PPL. Exercise as an intervention for patients with MetS leads to improved CAD risk factors including atherogenic dyslipidemia, blood pressure, body composition, insulin sensitivity, and fat metabolism.
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The greatest effect of physical activity on triglycerides is observed with regular endurance exercise training, when baseline levels of triglycerides are elevated (≥150 mg/dL), and the activity is of at least moderate intensity.
“The greatest effect of physical activity is observed with regular endurance exercise training, when baseline levels of triglycerides are elevated (≥150 mg/dL), and the activity is of at least moderate intensity (58,59,61,62).”
From 2021 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Management of ASCVD Risk Reduction in Patients With Persistent Hypertriglyceridemia (2021) · cites this paper as [59]
Moderate physical activity and a 5% to 10% body weight reduction results in up to a 20% reduction in triglycerides.
“Moderate physical activity and a 5% to 10% body weight reduction results in up to a 20% reduction in triglycerides.”
From 2021 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Management of ASCVD Risk Reduction in Patients With Persistent Hypertriglyceridemia (2021) · cites this paper as [59]
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- Authors
- Gordon, B., Chen, S., & Durstine, J. L.
- Affiliations
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Corresponding author
- Durstine, J. Larry
- Venue
- Current Sports Medicine Reports
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 253-259
- ISSN
- 1537-890X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2023724195
- Cited by
- 143
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 2.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Sports Medicine Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- exercise training, aerobic exercise, resistance training, lipid profile, lipoproteins, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, postprandial lipemia, metabolic syndrome, coronary risk factors, weight loss, insulin sensitivity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, blood pressure, body composition
- MeSH terms
- Coronary Artery Disease, Humans, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Triglycerides, Cholesterol, VLDL, Exercise, Metabolic Syndrome, Resistance Training
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