The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Portfolio Choice and Trading in a Large 401(k) Plan
Abstract
We study nearly 7,000 retirement accounts during the April 1994–August 1998 period. Several interesting patterns emerge. Most asset allocations are extreme (either 100 percent or zero percent in equities) and there is inertia in asset allocations. Equity allocations are higher for males, married investors, and for investors with higher earnings and more seniority on the job; equity allocations are lower for older investors. There is very limited portfolio reshuffling, in sharp contrast to discount brokerage accounts. Daily changes in equity allocations correlate only weakly with same-day equity returns and do not correlate with future equity returns.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Trading Is Hazardous to Your Wealth: The Common Stock Investment Performance of Individual Investors
Barber, B. M., & Odean, T. (2000) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/0022-1082.00226 · Cited by 3,955
Odean, T. (1999) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.89.5.1279 · Cited by 2,247
Equity Portfolio Diversification
Goetzmann, W. N., & Kumar, A. (2008) · Review of Finance · doi:10.1093/rof/rfn005 · Cited by 1,222
Cited by
Equity Portfolio Diversification
Goetzmann, W. N., & Kumar, A. (2008) · Review of Finance · doi:10.1093/rof/rfn005 · Cited by 1,222
Down or Out: Assessing the Welfare Costs of Household Investment Mistakes
Calvet, L. E., Campbell, J. Y., & Sodini, P. (2007) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/524204 · Cited by 992
Sensation Seeking, Overconfidence, and Trading Activity
GRINBLATT, M., & KELOHARJU, M. (2009) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.2009.01443.x · Cited by 819
Gender Diversity and Securities Fraud
Cumming, D., Leung, T. Y., & Rui, O. (2015) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2013.0750 · Cited by 770
The Behavior of Individual Investors
Barber, B. M., & Odean, T. (2013) · Handbook of the Economics of Finance · doi:10.1016/b978-0-44-459406-8.00022-6 · Cited by 750
Metadata
- Authors
- Agnew, J., Balduzzi, P., & Sundén, A.
- Venue
- American Economic Review
- Publisher
- American Economic Association
- Published
- 2003-02-01
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 193-215
- ISSN
- 0002-8282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2109632703
- Cited by
- 776
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 68.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Portfolio Choice and Trading in a Large 401(k) Plan. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1257/000282803321455223
- The paper
- Agnew, J., Balduzzi, P., & Sundén, A. (2003). Portfolio Choice and Trading in a Large 401(k) Plan. American Economic Review. https://doi.org/10.1257/000282803321455223
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
