Cited by 2,980Global trade and economicsEconomic and Technological InnovationGlobal Trade and Competitiveness

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Plants and Productivity in International Trade

Bernard, Andrew B, Eaton, Jonathan, Jensen, J. Bradford, Kortum, Samuel·2003·American Economic Review

DOI 10.1257/000282803769206296

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Abstract

We reconcile trade theory with plant-level export behavior, extending the Ricardian model to accommodate many countries, geographic barriers, and imperfect competition. Our model captures qualitatively basic facts about U.S. plants: (i) productivity dispersion, (ii) higher productivity among exporters, (iii) the small fraction who export, (iv) the small fraction earned from exports among exporting plants, and (v) the size advantage of exporters. Fitting the model to bilateral trade among the United States and 46 major trade partners, we examine the impact of globalization and dollar appreciation on productivity, plant entry and exit, and labor turnover in U.S. manufacturing.

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The Determinants of Firm-Level Export Intensity in New Zealand Agriculture and Forestry11This paper is partly derived from a research report written by the author for the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF), New Zealand (NZ). Funding from MAF is acknowledged. Thanks are due to Mr. Darran Austin of MAF and an anonymous referee who made several comments to improve the paper.,22Disclaimer: The opinions, findings, recommendations and conclusions expressed in this report are those of the authors. Statistics NZ, the Ministry of Economic Development, NZ and the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, NZ take no responsibility for any omissions or errors in the information contained here. Access to the data used in this study was provided by Statistics NZ in accordance with security and confidentiality provisions of the Statistics Act 1975. Only people authorised by the Statistics Act 1975 are allowed to see data about a particular, business or organisation. The results in this paper have been confidentialised to protect individual businesses from identification. Statistics NZ protocols were applied to the data sourced from the New Zealand Customs Service; the Foundation for Research, Science and Technology; New Zealand Trade and Enterprise; and Te Puni Kokiri. Any discussion of data limitations is not related to the data‘s ability to support these government agencies’ core operational requirements. Any table or other material in this report may be reproduced and published without further licence, provided that it does not purport to be published under government authority and that acknowledgement is made of this source.
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Authors: Bernard, A. B., Eaton, J., Jensen, J. B., & Kortum, S.
Affiliations: Dartmouth College (US)
National Bureau of Economic Research (US)
Peterson Institute for International Economics (US)
University of Minnesota (US)
ORCID: Bernard, Andrew B
Eaton, Jonathan
Venue: American Economic Review
Publisher: American Economic Association
Published: 2003-08-01
Volume: 93
Issue: 4
Pages: 1268-1290
ISSN: 0002-8282 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1257/000282803769206296
OpenAlex: W3125387544
Cited by: 2,980
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 47 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 82 · 2023: 107 · 2022: 86 · 2021: 112 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 115 · 2018: 127 · 2017: 117 · 2016: 141 · 2015: 170 · 2014: 187 · 2013: 209 · 2012: 207
FWCI: 136.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Economic Review (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › General Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Global trade and economics
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic and Technological Innovation
Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Global Trade and Competitiveness
Keywords: firm productivity, Ricardian model, international trade, geographic barriers, imperfect competition, productivity dispersion, exporters, firm entry and exit, employee turnover, manufacturing companies, globalization, dollar appreciation, bilateral trade

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