The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Roads to Prosperity? Assessing the Link Between Public Capital and Productivity
Abstract
Does the positive correlation between infrastructure and productivity reflect causation? If so, in which direction? I find that when growth in roads (the largest component of infrastructure) changes, productivity growth changes disproportionately in U.S. industries with more vehicles. That vehicle-intensive industries benefit more from road-building suggests that roads are productive. At the margin, however, road investments do not appear unusually productive. Intuitively, the interstate system was highly productive, but a second one would not be. Road-building thus explains much of the productivity slowdown through a one-time, unrepeatable productivity boost in the 1950's and 1960's. (JEL E62, O47, R53)
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(2012) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.102.7.i · Cited by 6,810
Is public expenditure productive?
Aschauer, D. A. (1989) · Journal of Monetary Economics · doi:10.1016/0304-3932(89)90047-0 · Cited by 5,431
Journal of Economic Literature
(2017) · Journal of Economic Literature · doi:10.1257/jel · Cited by 4,052
Tax Policy and Investment Behavior
Jorgenson, D. W., & Hall, R. E. (1967) · American Economic Review · Cited by 1,726
Infrastructure Investment: A Review Essay
Gramlich, E. (1997) · Financing federal systems · doi:10.4337/9781035303557.00019 · Cited by 1,435
Productivity, R&D, and the Data Constraint
Griliches, Z. (1998) · The Economic Impact of Knowledge · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-7009-8.50019-7 · Cited by 679
State Infrastructure and Productive Performance
Morrison, C., & Schwartz, A. E. (1992) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w3981 · Cited by 516
Are apparent productive spillovers a figment of specification error?
Basu, S., & Fernald, J. G. (1995) · Journal of Monetary Economics · doi:10.1016/0304-3932(95)01208-6 · Cited by 317
Self-citationPUBLIC CAPITAL FORMATION AND THE GROWTH OF REGIONAL MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
HULTEN, C. R., & SCHWAB, R. M. (1991) · National Tax Journal · doi:10.1086/ntj41788927 · Cited by 281
Nadiri, M. I., & Mamuneas, T. (1991) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w3887 · Cited by 274
Cited by
Telecommunications Infrastructure and Economic Development: A Simultaneous Approach
Röller, L.-H., & Waverman, L. (2001) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.91.4.909 · Cited by 1,815
The Effects of Infrastructure Development on Growth and Income Distribution
Calderón, C., & Servén, L. (2004) · World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks · doi:10.1596/1813-9450-3400 · Cited by 555
How Do Electricity Shortages Affect Industry? Evidence from India
Allcott, H., Collard-Wexler, A., & O'Connell, S. D. (2016) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.20140389 · Cited by 466
INFRASTRUCTURE, LONG‐RUN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND CAUSALITY TESTS FOR COINTEGRATED PANELS
CANNING, D., & PEDRONI, P. (2008) · The Manchester School · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9957.2008.01073.x · Cited by 421
Does services liberalization benefit manufacturing firms?
Arnold, J. M., Javorcik, B. S., & Mattoo, A. (2011) · Journal of International Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2011.05.002 · Cited by 367
Metadata
- Authors
- Fernald, J. G.
- Venue
- American Economic Review
- Publisher
- American Economic Association
- Published
- 1999-06-01
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 619-638
- ISSN
- 0002-8282 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1976269319
- Cited by
- 892
- References
- 18
- FWCI
- 15.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Roads to Prosperity? Assessing the Link Between Public Capital and Productivity. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1257/aer.89.3.619
- The paper
- Fernald, J. G. (1999). Roads to Prosperity? Assessing the Link Between Public Capital and Productivity. American Economic Review. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.89.3.619
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.