Up in Smoke: The Influence of Household Behavior on the Long-Run Impact of Improved Cooking Stoves
Open accessAbstract
Laboratory studies suggest that improved cooking stoves can reduce indoor air pollution, improve health, and decrease greenhouse gas emissions in developing countries. We provide evidence, from a large-scale randomized trial in India, on the benefits of a common, laboratory-validated stove with a four-year follow-up. While smoke inhalation initially falls, this effect disappears by year two. We find no changes across health outcomes or greenhouse gas emissions. Households used the stoves irregularly and inappropriately, failed to maintain them, and usage declined over time. This study underscores the need to test environmental technologies in real-world settings where behavior may undermine potential impacts. (JEL D12, O12, O13, Q53, Q54, Q55)
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Modern cooking solutions such as LPG stoves and electric appliances may achieve greater exposure reductions than improved biomass stoves, but scaling them beyond trials faces challenges in fuel supply reliability and affordability.
“Modern cooking solutions such as liquid petroleum gas (LPG) stoves and electric appliances show promise for achieving greater exposure reductions41,42 compared with improved biomass stoves, but scaling these solutions beyond trial settings will present new challenges; notably those related to reliability of fuel supplies and issues around affordability 43–46.”
From Effect of a solar lighting intervention on fuel-based lighting use and exposure to household air pollution in rural Uganda: A randomized controlled trial (2022) · cites this paper as [45]
The Conclusion (page unavailable) says that alternative clean stove models face barriers to widespread use, including low willingness to pay and the need for low production and operating costs. It does not address the reliability of LPG or electricity supplies. The comparative exposure-reduction claim is attached to other citations in the citing sentence, not this source. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Hanna, Rema, Esther Duflo, and Michael Greenstone. 2016. "Up in Smoke: The Influence of House- hold Behavior on the Long-Run Impact of Improved Cooking Stoves: Dataset." American Eco- nomic Journal: Economic Policy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20140008.
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- Authors
- Hanna, R., Duflo, E., & Greenstone, M.
- Affiliations
- National Bureau of Economic Research (US)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Venue
- American Economic Journal: Economic Policy
- Publisher
- American Economic Association
- Published
- 2016-02-01
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 80-114
- ISSN
- 1945-7731 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-774X
- OpenAlex
- W3124156497
- Cited by
- 323
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 15.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Economic Journal Economic Policy (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Harvard University
- Children's Investment Fund Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Energy and Environment Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Energy, Environment, and Transportation Policies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › Environmental Education and Sustainability
- Keywords
- improved cookstoves, household behavior, indoor air pollution, smoke inhalation, greenhouse gas emissions, health outcomes, technology adoption, long-term effects, India
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