Happy animals make good science.
Abstract
In this paper the question is posed whether it is not only better for the animal to be happy, but whether its state of mind may also have the potential to influence the scientific results derived from it. To ensure good science, the animal should have a normal physiology and behaviour, apart from specific adverse effects under investigation. There is a growing body of evidence from a wide variety of sources to show that animals whose well-being is compromised are often physiologically and immunologically abnormal and that experiments using them may reach unreliable conclusions. On scientific, as well as ethical grounds, therefore, the psychological well-being of laboratory animals should be an important concern for veterinarians, animal technicians and scientists.
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It is likely that 'happy animals make good science'.
“It is therefore likely that ‘happy animals make good science’ ( Grimm, 2018; Poole, 1997).”
From Stage 2 Registered Report: Refinement of tickling protocols to improve positive animal welfare in laboratory rats (2025) · cites this paper as Poole, 1997
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“It is therefore likely that ‘ happy animals make good science ’ (Grimm, 2018; Poole, 1997).”
- Authors
- Poole, T.
- Affiliations
- Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Poole, Trevor
- Venue
- Laboratory Animals
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1997-04-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 116-124
- ISSN
- 0023-6772 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-1117
- OpenAlex
- W2114384235
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 9.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Laboratory Animals (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal testing and alternatives
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia
- Keywords
- animal welfare, psychological well-being, physiological abnormalities, immune abnormalities, animal ethics
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animal Husbandry, Animal Welfare, Animals, Laboratory, Behavior, Animal, Research Design, Science
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