The value of testing multiple anatomic sites for gonorrhoea and chlamydia in sexually transmitted infection centres in the Netherlands, 2006–2010.
Abstract
National surveillance data from 2006 to 2010 of the Dutch sexually transmitted infection (STI) centres were used to analyse current practices on testing extragenital sites for chlamydia and gonorrhoea in men who have sex with men (MSM) and women. In MSM, 76.0% and 88.9% were tested at least at one extragenital site (pharyngeal and/or anorectal) for chlamydia and gonorrhoea, respectively; for women this was 20.5% and 30.2%. Testing more than one anatomic site differed by STI centre, ranging from 2% to 100%. In MSM tested at multiple sites, 63.0% and 66.5% of chlamydia and gonorrhoea diagnoses, respectively, would have been missed if screened at the urogenital site only, mainly anorectal infections. For women tested at multiple sites, the proportions of missed chlamydia and gonorrhoea diagnoses would have been 12.9% and 30.0%, respectively. Testing extragenital sites appears warranted, due to the numerous infections that would have been missed. Adding anorectal screening to urogenital screening for all MSM visiting an STI centre should be recommended. Since actual testing practices differ by centre, there is a need for clearer guidelines. Routine gonorrhoea and chlamydia screening at multiple sites in STI centres should be investigated further as this might be a more effective approach to reduce transmission than current practice.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Approximately 70% of gonococcal and chlamydial infections might be missed if urogenital-only testing is performed among MSM because most pharyngeal and rectal infections are asymptomatic.
“Approximately 70% of gonococcal and chlamydial infections might be missed if urogenital-only testing is performed among MSM (212–216) because most pharyngeal and rectal infections are asymptomatic.”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [214]
Cites
Kent, C. K., Chaw, J. K., Wong, W., Liska, S., Gibson, S., Hubbard, G., & Klausner, J. D. (2005) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/430704 · Cited by 541 · see citing works
Sexually transmitted diseases enhance HIV transmission: no longer a hypothesis
Cohen, M. S. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)90002-2 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Thornton, A., Stevich, B., Arno, J. N., & Pol, B. J. V. D. (2009) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-239-1_11 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Oral sex and transmission of non-viral STIs
Edwards, S. K., & Carne, C. A. (1998) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.74.2.95 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Unemo, M., Golparian, D., & Hestner, A. (2011) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/ese.16.06.19792-en · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Morris, S. R., Klausner, J. D., Buchbinder, S., Wheeler, S. L., Koblin, B. A., Coates, T. J., Chesney, M. A., & Colfax, G. N. (2006) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/508460 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
LAFFERTY, W. E., HUGHES, J. P., & HANDSFIELD, H. H. (1997) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199705000-00007 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Bernstein, K. T., Stephens, S. C., Barry, P. M., Kohn, R., Philip, S. S., Liska, S., & Klausner, J. D. (2009) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/648427 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Treating Uncomplicated Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections
Moran, J. S. (1995) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/00007435-199501000-00007 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Jones, R. B., Rabinovitch, R. A., Katz, B. P., et al. (1985) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-6-757 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Marcus, J. L., Bernstein, K. T., Kohn, R. P., Liska, S., & Philip, S. (2011) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e31822a2b2e · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease
Haggerty, C. L., & Ness, R. B. (2006) · Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy · doi:10.1586/14787210.4.2.235 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Peters, R. P. H., Nijsten, N., Mutsaers, J. A. E. M., Jansen, C. L., Morré, S. A., & van Leeuwen, A. P. (2011) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e31821890e9 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Peters, R. P. H., Verweij, S. P., Nijsten, N., Ouburg, S., Mutsaers, J. A. E. M., Jansen, C. L., van Leeuwen, A. P., & Morré, S. A. (2011) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-203 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
A review on pelvic inflammatory disease
Barrett, S., & Taylor, C. (2005) · International Journal of STD & AIDS · doi:10.1258/095646205774763270 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Gunn, R. A., O’Brien, C. J., Lee, M. A., et al. (2008) · Sexually Transmitted Diseases · doi:10.1097/olq.0b013e318177ec70 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Templeton, D. J., Jin, F., Imrie, J. C., et al. (2008) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.2008.032037 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Pharyngeal gonorrhoea: the forgotten reservoir
Janier, M., Lassau, F., Casin, I., & Morel, P. (2003) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.79.4.345 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Value of screening for oro-pharyngeal Chlamydia trachomatis infection.
Jebakumar, S. P. R., Storey, C. C., Lusher, M. E., et al. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1136/jcp.48.7.658 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Bignell, C. J., ISON, C. A., & Jungmann, E. (2006) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.2006.023036 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Epidemiological treatment and tests of cure in gonococcal infection: evidence for value.
Carne, C. A. (1997) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.73.1.12 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Saika, T., Nishiyama, T., Kanayama, A. K., et al. (2001) · Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1007/s101560100031 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Spectinomycin in the treatment of gonorrhoea
Gil-Setas, A., Navascués-Ortega, A., & Beristaín, X. (2010) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/ese.15.19.19568-en · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Screening for pharyngeal Chlamydia trachomatis in asymptomatic men who have sex with men.
Coughlan, E., & Young, S. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021
Workowski, K. A., Bachmann, L. H., Chan, P. A., Johnston, C. M., Muzny, C. A., Park, I., Reno, H., Zenilman, J. M., & Bolan, G. A. (2021) · MMWR. Recommendations and Reports · doi:10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1 · Cited by 2,759 · see citing works
Chan, P. A., Robinette, A., Montgomery, M., Almonte, A., Cu-Uvin, S., Lonks, J. R., Chapin, K. C., Kojic, E. M., & Hardy, E. J. (2016) · Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1155/2016/5758387 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
- Authors
- Koedijk, F. D. H., van Bergen, J. E. A. M., Dukers-Muijrers, N. H. T. M., van Leeuwen, A. P., Hoebe, C. J. P. A., & van der Sande, M. A. B.
- Affiliations
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (NL)
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, RIVM National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service South Limburg, PO Box 2022, 6160 HA Geleen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Municipal Health Service Amsterdam, PO Box 2200, 1000 CE Amsterdam
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Koedijk, F D H
- ORCID
- Hoebe, C J P A
- Venue
- International Journal of STD & AIDS
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-09
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 626-631
- ISSN
- 0956-4624 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-1052
- OpenAlex
- W2076703896
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 7.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of STD & AIDS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Rivm (National Institute for Public Health and the Environment) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Keywords
- gonorrhea, chlamydia, men who have sex with men, women, screening practices, missed diagnosis, STI surveillance
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anal Canal, Chlamydia Infections, Female, Genitalia, Gonorrhea, Humans, Male, Netherlands, Pharynx, Homosexuality, Male
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
