The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
On the Epistemology of the Inexact Sciences
Abstract
This is a new epistemological approach to the inexact sciences. The purpose of all science is to explain and predict in an objective manner. While in the exact sciences explanation and prediction have the same logical structure, this is not so in the inexact sciences. This permits various methodological innovations in the inexact sciences, e.g., expert judgment and simulation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Studies in the Logic of Explanation
Hempel, C. G., & Oppenheim, P. (1948) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/286983 · Cited by 3,174
Cited by
The Delphi Technique: Making Sense of Consensus
Hsu, C.-C., & Sandford, B. A. (2007) · University of Massachusetts Amherst · doi:10.7275/pdz9-th90 · Cited by 4,500
A model of inexact reasoning in medicine
Shortliffe, E. H., & Buchanan, B. G. (1975) · Mathematical Biosciences · doi:10.1016/0025-5564(75)90047-4 · Cited by 1,447
Current validity of the Delphi method in social sciences
Landeta, J. (2006) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2005.09.002 · Cited by 1,353
Su, H.-N., & Lee, P.-C. (2010) · Scientometrics · doi:10.1007/s11192-010-0259-8 · Cited by 916
A Program for Research on Management Information Systems
Mason, R. O., & Mitroff, I. I. (1973) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.19.5.475 · Cited by 833
Metadata
- Authors
- Helmer, O., & Rescher, N.
- Venue
- Management Science
- Published
- 1959-10
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 25-52
- ISSN
- 0025-1909 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-5501
- OpenAlex
- W2139869531
- Cited by
- 528
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 35.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: On the Epistemology of the Inexact Sciences. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1287/mnsc.6.1.25
- The paper
- Helmer, O., & Rescher, N. (1959). On the Epistemology of the Inexact Sciences. Management Science. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.6.1.25
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
