The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Associations between air pollution and mortality in Phoenix, 1995-1997.
Open accessAbstract
We evaluated the association between mortality outcomes in elderly individuals and particulate matter (PM) of varying aerodynamic diameters (in micrometers) [PM(10), PM(2.5), and PM(CF )(PM(10) minus PM(2.5))], and selected particulate and gaseous phase pollutants in Phoenix, Arizona, using 3 years of daily data (1995-1997). Although source apportionment and epidemiologic methods have been previously combined to investigate the effects of air pollution on mortality, this is the first study to use detailed PM composition data in a time-series analysis of mortality. Phoenix is in the arid Southwest and has approximately 1 million residents (9. 7% of the residents are > 65 years of age). PM data were obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Exposure Research Laboratory Platform in central Phoenix. We obtained gaseous pollutant data, specifically carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and sulfur dioxide data, from the EPA Aerometric Information Retrieval System Database. We used Poisson regression analysis to evaluate the associations between air pollution and nonaccidental mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Total mortality was significantly associated with CO and NO(2) (p < 0.05) and weakly associated with SO(2), PM(10), and PM(CF) (p < 0. 10). Cardiovascular mortality was significantly associated with CO, NO(2), SO(2), PM(2.5), PM(10), PM(CF) (p < 0.05), and elemental carbon. Factor analysis revealed that both combustion-related pollutants and secondary aerosols (sulfates) were associated with cardiovascular mortality.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Koyak, R. A., Hastie, T. J., & Tibshirani, R. J. (1991) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2290538 · Cited by 7,596
Acute Respiratory Effects of Particulate Air Pollution
Dockery, D. W., & Pope, C. A. (1994) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev.pu.15.050194.000543 · Cited by 2,177
Elemental Carbon-Based Method for Monitoring Occupational Exposures to Particulate Diesel Exhaust
Birch, M. E., & Cary, R. A. (1996) · Aerosol Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/02786829608965393 · Cited by 1,783
Is Daily Mortality Associated Specifically with Fine Particles?
Schwartz, J., Dockery, D. W., & Neas, L. M. (1996) · Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · doi:10.1080/10473289.1996.10467528 · Cited by 1,561
Spatial and seasonal trends in particle concentration and optical extinction in the United States
Malm, W. C., Sisler, J. F., Huffman, D., Eldred, R. A., & Cahill, T. A. (1994) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/93jd02916 · Cited by 1,302
(1996) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564086 · Cited by 875
Daily Mortality and PM10 Pollution in Utah Valley
Pope, C. A., Schwartz, J., & Ransom, M. R. (1992) · Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal · doi:10.1080/00039896.1992.9938351 · Cited by 614
Daily variation of particulate air pollution and poor cardiac autonomic control in the elderly.
Liao, D., Creason, J., Shy, C., Williams, R., Watts, R., & Zweidinger, R. (1999) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.99107521 · Cited by 436
What Are People Dying of on High Air Pollution Days?
Schwartz, J. (1994) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1006/enrs.1994.1004 · Cited by 407
Ambient Particles and Health: Lines that Divide
Vedal, S. (1997) · Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · doi:10.1080/10473289.1997.10463922 · Cited by 402
Cited by
Differentiating the effects of fine and coarse particles on daily mortality in Shanghai, China
Kan, H., London, S. J., Chen, G., Zhang, Y., Song, G., Zhao, N., Jiang, L., & Chen, B. (2007) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2006.12.001 · Cited by 339
Ozone Exposure and Mortality: An Empiric Bayes Metaregression Analysis
Levy, J. I., Chemerynski, S. M., & Sarnat, J. A. (2005) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/01.ede.0000165820.08301.b3 · Cited by 302
Schlesinger, R. B., Kunzli, N., Hidy, G. M., Gotschi, T., & Jerrett, M. (2006) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.1080/08958370500306016 · Cited by 245
Fromme, H., Diemer, J., Dietrich, S., Cyrys, J., Heinrich, J., Lang, W., Kiranoglu, M., & Twardella, D. (2008) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.04.047 · Cited by 227
Household Air Pollution from Solid Fuel Use: Evidence for Links to CVD
McCracken, J. P., Wellenius, G. A., Bloomfield, G. S., Brook, R. D., Tolunay, H. E., Dockery, D. W., Rabadan-Diehl, C., Checkley, W., & Rajagopalan, S. (2012) · Global Heart · doi:10.1016/j.gheart.2012.06.010 · Cited by 76
Metadata
- Authors
- Mar, T. F., Norris, G. A., Koenig, J. Q., & Larson, T. V.
- Venue
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2000-04
- Volume
- 108
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 347-353
- ISSN
- 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-9924
- OpenAlex
- W2014527936
- Cited by
- 347
- References
- 30
- FWCI
- 7.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Associations between air pollution and mortality in Phoenix, 1995-1997. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1289/ehp.00108347
- The paper
- Mar, T. F., Norris, G. A., Koenig, J. Q., & Larson, T. V. (2000). Associations between air pollution and mortality in Phoenix, 1995-1997. Environmental Health Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.00108347
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
