Developmental Exposure to Concentrated Ambient Particles and Preference for Immediate Reward in Mice
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Recent epidemiological studies indicate negative associations between a diverse group of air pollutants and cognitive functioning in children and adults, and aspects of attention deficit in children. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are two putative biological mechanisms by which air pollutants may adversely affect the brain. OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether exposure to concentrated ambient particulate matter (CAPS) during the first 2 weeks of life, alone or again in adulthood, could alter responding for delayed reward, a critical component of human decision making. Greater preference for immediate reward has been implicated as a component of several psychiatric disorders, addiction, obesity, and attention deficit. METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were exposed to ultrafine particles (< 100 nm in aerodynamic diameter; CAPS) using the Harvard University Concentrated Ambient Particle System (HUCAPS) or filtered air in the postnatal period (days 4-7 and 10-13) with and without adult exposure over days 56-60. In adulthood, delay behavior was assessed using a fixed-ratio waiting-for-reward (FR wait) paradigm in which 25 responses (FR25) were required to initiate the waiting-for-reward component during which mice obtained "free" sucrose pellets with the stipulation that these "free" pellets were delivered at increasing delay intervals. RESULTS: Coupled with increased FR response rates, mice exposed to postnatal CAPS displayed increased FR resets that reinstated short delays, indicating a preference for shorter delays, despite the added response cost of the FR25. No associated changes in locomotor activity were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Postnatal CAPS exposure produces an enhanced bias towards immediate rewards, a risk factor for several central nervous system (CNS) disorders. This enhancement does not appear to be the result of hyperactivity. The findings underscore the need for further evaluation of air pollution effects on the CNS and its potential contribution to CNS diseases and disorders.
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PM levels generated by HUCAPS have averaged around 67.9 μg/m3 (1.82 × 105 particles/m3) to 96.4 μg/m3 (2.02 × 105 particles/m3), reflecting particle numbers and concentrations reported in U.S. cities.
“PM levels generated have averaged around 67.9 μg/m3 (1.82 × 105 particles/m3) to 96.4 μg/m3 (2.02 × 105 particles/m3), reflecting particle numbers and concentrations reported in U.S. cities [55].”
From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [55]
The Results (Exposure conditions; page unavailable) report both pairs of HUCAPS exposure values as quoted. They say ambient particle levels were similar to those reported for Erfurt, Germany, and Atlanta, Georgia, but the exposure-chamber concentrations were approximately ten times ambient levels. Thus the paper does not establish that the quoted exposure concentrations reflect levels reported in U.S. cities. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredEarly postnatal exposure to concentrated ambient ultrafine PM altered behavioral responses related to impulsivity, with exposed mice showing a preference for immediate reward.
“Findings from Cory-Slechta and colleagues demonstrate early postnatal exposure to concentrated ambient ultrafine PM altered behavioral responses related to impulsivity, with exposed mice showing a preference for immediate reward [55].”
From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [55]
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Johnson, N. M., Hoffmann, A. R., Behlen, J. C., Lau, C., Pendleton, D., Harvey, N., Shore, R., Li, Y., Chen, J., Tian, Y., et al. (2021) · Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12199-021-00995-5 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
“[55] C57BL/ 6J mice Ultrafine PM, concentrated ambient particles ∼40,000496,000 particles/ cm(3) Inhalation PND4–7 and PND10–13 (with and without adult exposure over PND56–60) Increased FR response rates and FR resets, as well as enhanced bias for immediate reward.”
BackgroundAllen, J. L., Oberdorster, G., Morris-Schaffer, K., Wong, C., Klocke, C., Sobolewski, M., Conrad, K., Mayer-Proschel, M., & Cory-Slechta, D. A. (2017) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2015.12.014 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Self-citationWoodward, N. C., Haghani, A., Johnson, R. G., Hsu, T. M., Saffari, A., Sioutas, C., Kanoski, S. E., Finch, C. E., & Morgan, T. E. (2018) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-018-0317-1 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Klocke, C., Allen, J. L., Sobolewski, M., Mayer-Pröschel, M., Blum, J. L., Lauterstein, D., Zelikoff, J. T., & Cory-Slechta, D. A. (2017) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfx010 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationMorris-Schaffer, K., Merrill, A., Jew, K., Wong, C., Conrad, K., Harvey, K., Marvin, E., Sobolewski, M., Oberdörster, G., Elder, A., et al. (2019) · Particle and Fibre Toxicology · doi:10.1186/s12989-019-0293-5 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationKlocke, C., Sherina, V., Graham, U. M., Gunderson, J., Allen, J. L., Sobolewski, M., Blum, J. L., Zelikoff, J. T., & Cory-Slechta, D. A. (2018) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.1080/08958378.2018.1533053 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Allen, J. L., Conrad, K., Oberdörster, G., Johnston, C. J., Sleezer, B., & Cory-Slechta, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Department of Environmental Medicine, and
- University of Rochester Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2012-10-11
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 32-38
- ISSN
- 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-9924
- PMC
- PMC3553438
- OpenAlex
- W1658932340
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7
- FWCI
- 3.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 1905 d)
- Locations
- Environmental Health Perspectives (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES-001247, ES007026, ES012105, P30ES001247, T32ES007026)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- ultrafine particles, postnatal exposure, delay discounting, decision-making, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress
- MeSH terms
- Air Pollutants, Air Pollution, Animals, Decision Making, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Oxidative Stress, Mice, Particulate Matter
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