Cited by 322Pesticide Exposure and ToxicityPesticide Residue Analysis and SafetyEffects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals

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Organophosphorus pesticide exposure of urban and suburban preschool children with organic and conventional diets.

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Curl, Cynthia L, Fenske, Richard A, Elgethun, Kai·2003·Environmental Health Perspectives

DOI 10.1289/ehp.5754PMC PMC1241395

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Abstract

We assessed organophosphorus (OP) pesticide exposure from diet by biological monitoring among Seattle, Washington, preschool children. Parents kept food diaries for 3 days before urine collection, and they distinguished organic and conventional foods based on label information. Children were then classified as having consumed either organic or conventional diets based on analysis of the diary data. Residential pesticide use was also recorded for each home. We collected 24-hr urine samples from 18 children with organic diets and 21 children with conventional diets and analyzed them for five OP pesticide metabolites. We found significantly higher median concentrations of total dimethyl alkylphosphate metabolites than total diethyl alkylphosphate metabolites (0.06 and 0.02 micro mol/L, respectively; p = 0.0001). The median total dimethyl metabolite concentration was approximately six times higher for children with conventional diets than for children with organic diets (0.17 and 0.03 micro mol/L; p = 0.0003); mean concentrations differed by a factor of nine (0.34 and 0.04 micro mol/L). We calculated dose estimates from urinary dimethyl metabolites and from agricultural pesticide use data, assuming that all exposure came from a single pesticide. The dose estimates suggest that consumption of organic fruits, vegetables, and juice can reduce children's exposure levels from above to below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's current guidelines, thereby shifting exposures from a range of uncertain risk to a range of negligible risk. Consumption of organic produce appears to provide a relatively simple way for parents to reduce their children's exposure to OP pesticides.

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Self-citation

Authors: Curl, C. L., Fenske, R. A., & Elgethun, K.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
ORCID: Curl, Cynthia L
Venue: Environmental Health Perspectives
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2003-03-01
Volume: 111
Issue: 3
Pages: 377-382
ISSN: 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
1552-9924
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.5754
PMC: PMC1241395
OpenAlex: W2069073623
Cited by: 322
References: 18
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 18.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: public-domain
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 5417 d)
Locations: Environmental Health Perspectives (publishedVersion, public-domain)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U07/CCU102926)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P01ES009601)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Topics: Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Keywords: organophosphorus pesticides, dietary pesticide exposure, organic food, conventional food, preschool children, urinary metabolites, residential pesticide use, dose estimation, food diary
MeSH terms: Agriculture, Child, Preschool, Diet, Environmental Exposure, Female, Food Contamination, Fruit, Humans, Insecticides, Male, Organophosphorus Compounds, Urban Population, Vegetables, Food, Organic

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Organophosphorus pesticide exposure of urban and suburban preschool children with organic and conventional diets.

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